In this paper a new method of in-situ detection of the high pressure phase transformation of semiconductor materials during dead-load scratching is described. This method is based on the simple fact that single crystal silicon is transparent to IR light while metallic materials are not transparent to IR radiation. The sample material used here is silicon, but the same approach can be applied to...

Results of analytical modeling and computer simulation of wave-induced structural loadings on ships i!lwaves is presented! with consideration ~f bow flare slamming, bottom impact slamming, and springing. Consideration is given only to the case of head seas, and the outputs are obtained in the form of time histories due to the nature of the nonllnearities and the nonstationary propert~es associa...

Load models are developed for highway bridges. The models are based on the available statistical data on dead load, truck loads and dynamic loads. The paper deals mostly with the static live load. The model is derived from truck surveys, weigh-in-motion measurements and other observations. Simple span moments, shears and negative moments are calculated for various spans. Extreme 75 year loads a...

A framework for assessing robustness is proposed, taking basis in decision analysis theory. Robustness is assessed by computing both direct risk, which is associated with the direct consequences of potential damages to the system, and indirect risk, which corresponds to the increased risk of a damaged system. Indirect risk can be interpreted as risk from consequences disproportionate to the cau...

The results of a comprehensive pile load-test program and observations from field monitoring of helical piles with either a single helix or double helixes installed in oil sand are presented in this paper. Eleven full-scale pile load tests were carried out including axial compression, uplift, and lateral load tests. The results of the full-scale load tests are used to develop a theoretical desi...

High, sustained loads in masonry cause time-dependent deformations, which can lead to failure of the construction. This phenomenon mostly occurs in high constructions, such as historical towers, where the dead load imposes significant stresses on the base of the tower [4]. As knowledge and experimental data are lacking to describe this time-dependent behavior in historical masonry, a research p...

Structural health monitoring of cracked structures is one of beloved subject of researchers recently. Consider of crack behavior in the water and energy pipeline is important because of environmental problems. In this paper consider of crack parameters in the underwater pipe subjected to mechanical transient load is investigated. For this purpose, three- dimensional parametric model of cracked ...

This study presents the design and stress analysis of mobile robot switchover module (track tensioner), which helps the robot to work in hybrid locomotion mechanism. The track tensioner is a loading and unloading module that helps the locomotion system transformability while robot moves either on wheel or track mechanism. The selection of suitable material for its design, the model is therefore...

Background: With recent advances in additive manufacturing (AM) and topology optimization (TO), there is a significant interest in integrating the two fields [1]. Although TO and AM have flourished independent of each other, there is significant interest today in integrating them for two primary reasons: (1) Designs stemming from TO are geometrically complex, and therefore hard to manufacture u...

In January/February 2006, heavy snowfalls in Bavaria (Germany) lead to a series of infrastructural damage of catastrophic nature. Since on many collapsed roofs the total snow load was not exceptional, serious engineering deficiencies in roof construction and a sudden rise in the total snow load were considered to be the trigger of the events. An analysis of the then meteorological conditions re...