BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although studies have linked types of fatty acids with coronary heart disease, data on individual fatty acids and risk of ischemic stroke are limited. We aimed to examine the associations between serum fatty acid concentrations and incidence of ischemic stroke and its subtypes. METHODS We conducted a prospective case-control study nested in the Women's Health Initiative...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and case fatality of stroke in a geographically defined region of Scotland, a nation with a high cardiovascular risk. METHODS All strokes occurring in residents of the Scottish Borders (population 106,352) were identified during a 24-month period from 1998 to 2000 using multiple overlapping methods of case-ascerta...

BACKGROUND Studies have reported circadian variation in the onset of ischemic stroke, which may carry important pathophysiological implications. However, there is no detailed information about circadian variations among the subtypes of stroke. OBJECTIVE To determine whether subgroups of patients with ischemic stroke with specific clinical characteristics would exhibit different circadian patt...

Background and Purpose—Epidemiological studies, mainly based on Western European surveys, have shown that stroke is more common in men than in women. In recent years, sex-specific data on stroke incidence, prevalence, subtypes, severity and case-fatality have become available from other parts of the world. The purpose of this article is to give a worldwide review on sex differences in stroke ep...

Introduction: In stroke models, Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) expression initiates cellular toxicity due to excessive Nitric Oxide (NO) generation. Anchusa italica is a medicinal herb with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity and NOS mRNA expression of the Hydroalcoholic Extract Of Anchusa Italica (HEAI) in an expe...

BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for various subtypes of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and stroke. Nevertheless, there are limited comparisons of the associations of obesity with each of these CVD subtypes, particularly regarding the extent to which they are unexplained by traditional CVD mediators. METHODS AND RESULTS We followed...

BACKGROUND Stroke incidence is increased in Black individuals but the reasons for this are poorly understood. Exploring the differences in aetiological stroke subtypes, and the extent to which they are explained by conventional and novel risk factors, is an important step in elucidating the underlying mechanisms for this increased stroke risk. METHODS Between 1999 and 2010, 1200 black and 120...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Genetic variation in the EPHX2 gene region has been reported to influence susceptibility to ischemic stroke in blacks. We assessed the role of this gene region in white Europeans and performed analyses with regard to stroke subtypes. METHODS Twenty-six single nucleotide polymorphisms in the EPHX2 gene region were genotyped in 601 patients with ischemic stroke and 736 ma...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Rapid and accurate evaluation of stroke subtypes is crucial for optimal treatment and outcomes. This study assessed factors associated with the likelihood of an "ill-defined" diagnosis for stroke hospitalizations. METHODS We examined all hospital claims for stroke among Medicare beneficiaries aged > or =65 years in 2000. Stroke subtypes included hemorrhagic (Internation...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies of familial risks have often combined ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke even though it seems unlikely that these 2 very different pathological conditions are under the same genetic influence. This study is the first to investigate the concordant (same subtype) and disconcordant (different subtype) association between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. METHO...