R-factor strains which are streptomycin-resistant and spectinomycin-sensitive have been found to inactivate streptomycin by a new mechanism. The 3'-OH group of the 2-deoxy-2-methylamino-l-glucopyranosyl moiety is phosphorylated.

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae (Xap) causes bacterial blight disease in pomegranates, often leading to 60–80% economic loss. In absence of a suitable Xap-resistant variety, the near-monoculture susceptible Bhagwa, has aggravated problem further. recent times, Xap spread different geographical regions, indicating wide adaptability pathogen. Moreover, lower sensitivity towards streptocycline ...

Streptomycin, the antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseus, contains as a part of its structure a diguanidine derivative of scyllo-inositol called streptidine. Two major precursors of the streptidine portion of the molecule have now been defined, n-arginine and n-glucose (1, 2). Arginine plays a role in the formation of the guanidine side chains, whereas glucose is involved in the synthesis ...

Previous papers (Umbreit, 1949; Oginsky, Smith, and Umbreit, 1949) have presented data showing that one of the actions of streptomycin on a sensitive Escherichia coli strain was to inhibit the oxalacetate-pyruvate reaction. It was admitted that the exact nature of this reaction was not known and that methods for its measurement were somewhat indirect. At about the time these papers were publish...

Selman WakSman and STRePTOmYCIn Selman Abraham Waksman (1888-1972) was a Russian–American microbiologist. Born in Priluki, UkraineRussia, Waksman left Russia and arrived in the United States, in 1910.He attended Rutgers University, graduating in 1915 and became an American citizen, in 1916.After obtaining his doctorate from the University of California, he returned to Rutgers to join the faculty.

Among the pleiotropic effects of aminoglycosides, their irreversible uptake and their blockade of initiating ribosomes have appeared to explain their bactericidal action, while the contributions of translational misreading and membrane damage and the mechanism of that damage have remained uncertain. We now present evidence that incorporation of misread proteins into the membrane can account for...

The successful therapy of enterococcal endocarditis requires prolonged administration of synergistic antibiotic combinations. Controversy has arisen regarding optimal therapy (i) when the organism possesses high-level streptomycin resistance, and (ii) when the patient is allergic to penicillin. This study examines these questions in vitro and in a rabbit model of enterococcal endocarditis. The ...

Resistance to streptomycin, of a degree exceeding 1000 microg. per ml., has been induced in sensitive strains of Hemophilus influenzae by exposure for 10 minutes to desoxyribonucleic acid-containing extracts isolated from a strain of type b Hemophilus influenzae which had emerged resistant to 1000 microg. of streptomycin per ml. DNA is essential for the process which brings out this change; the...