Reliability, the number of spare parts and repair time have a great impact on system availability. In this paper, we observed repairable comprised several components. The aim was to determine rate by emphasizing its stochastic nature. A model for statistical analysis component in function desired level availability is presented. Furthermore, based presented model, approach calculation probabili...

Background: Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to induce oxidative stress followed by damage to critical biomolecules like lipids, proteins and DNA through radiolysis of cellular water. Since radiation has been widely used as an important tool in therapy of cancer, the detailed investigation regarding the DNA damage and repair kinetics would help to predict the radiation sensitivity of cel...

One of the main tasks to analyze and design a mining system is predicting the behavior exhibited by prices in the future. In this paper, the applications of different prediction methods are evaluated in econometrics and financial management fields, such as ARIMA, TGARCH, and stochastic differential equations, for the time-series of monthly copper prices. Moreover, the performance of these metho...

Background: Successful repair of a torn rotator cuff may prevent progression to rotator cuff arthropathy. However,previous studies have shown a substantial rate of failure after rotator cuff repair and characteristics of surgicallyrepaired rotator cuffs that go on to shoulder arthroplasty have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study wasto determine the patient cha...

introduction: physicians frequently deal with procedures which require sedation of pediatric patients. laceration repair is one of them. no study has been performed regarding the comparison between induction of sedation with sodium thiopental and ketamine in laceration repair. therefore, the present study was aimed to comparison of induced sedation by rectal sodium thiopental and muscular injec...

abstract   background: different methods of surgical treatment for acromioclavicular(ac) joint injury were considered in the literature. the purpose of the study was to compare intra- articular ac repair technique with the extra-articular coracoclavicular repair technique for the patients with rockwood type iii and vac joint injury when indicated.   methods: nineteen consecutive patients with r...

different ossificant materials have been used for induction of bone repair in many studies, and bone matrix gelatin which contains bone morphogenic proteins is one of the best ones. in present study we evaluated the role of this material in acceleration of bone repair in rabbit tibia. a hole of 3.5 mm diameter was made on right tibia of 10 and 12 rabbits as study and control group respectively....

We study continuous-time stochastic games (with finitely many states and actions), with a focus on the existence of their equilibria that are insensitive to a small imprecision in the specification of players’ evaluations of streams of payoffs. We show that the stationary, namely, time-independent, discounting game has a stationary equilibrium, that the (not necessarily stationary) discounting ...

4 Martingales 35 4.1 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 4.2 Doob Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.3 Optional Sampling Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.4 Inequalities and Convergence . . . . . . . . . . . ...

ballast as a part of the railway system plays an important role in the operation of the railways and also has a great impact on repair and maintenance activities. hence most of the repair and maintenance activities in traditional railway systems are due to the defections in the ballast layer and therefore most of the maintenance budget is spent on repairing these defects. these repair and maint...