Many problems reduce to the fixed-point problem of solving x = T (x), where T is a mapping from a Hilbert space to itself. To this problem, we apply the coordinate-update algorithms, which update only one or a few components of x at each step. When each step is cheap, these algorithms are faster than the full fixed-point iteration (which updates all the components). In this paper, we focus on c...

introduction: we aimed to compare apical canal transportation of extracted teeth and two types of simulated resin blocks. materials and methods: mesiobuccal root of extracted maxillary molars, high hardness simulated resin blocks (knoop hardness=40) and low hardness simulated resin blocks (knoop hardness=22) were prepared with k-files using step-back technique (n=15 canals in each group). doubl...

Future requirements for drastic reduction of CO2 production and energy consumption will lead to significant changes in the way we see mobility in the years to come. However, the automotive industry has identified significant barriers to the adoption of electric vehicles, including reduced driving range and greatly increased refueling times. The V-Charge Project, funded by the European Commissio...

Transport risk assessment for the environment has two important aspects—problem solving model and solution veracity. Problem solving model is larger understanding of tasks interconnection, which represents in itself partial solution of general risk assessment. Veracity of solution means how the results are consistent with the reality. By researching of both aspects, it rises many unanswered que...

This article is about the numerical solution of initial value problems for systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). At first these problems were solved with a fixed method and constant step size, but nowadays the general-purpose codes vary the step size, and possibly the method, as the integration proceeds. Estimating and controlling some measure of error by variation of step size/met...

In Colombia, there is an increasing interest about improving public transportation. One of the proposed strategies in that way is the use battery electric vehicles (BEVs). One of the new challenges is the BEVs routing problem, which is subjected to the traditional issues of the routing problems, and must also consider the particularities of autonomy, charge and battery degradation of the BEVs. ...

to any given H + :P ratio. If the ratio is 3 and the permittivity 20, the distance is approximately 0.3nm. Unlike the electrochemical parameters, $“+ values do not depend on a cumulative ion effect; one proton alone at the right distance from a fixed charge will be at the potential required for synthetic activity. On these terms the rate of synthesis is determined by the number of charge<harge ...

The authors also gratefully acknowledge the detailed comments of two anonymous referees regarding relationships with lot-sizing problems. ii Abstract This paper studies the polyhedral structure of dynamic fixed-charge problems that have nested relationships constraining the flow or activity variables. Constraints of this type might typically arise in hierarchical or multi-period models, but mig...