A bunch of factors including the limited fossil resources and rising of fossil fuel price have been causes moving to create the new structure that is based on providing energy security, and protect the environment. One of the alternatives is the fuel cell (FC). Maximum power point tracker has an important role to increase the efficiency of the FC systems. One of the difficulties in maximum powe...

Smart grid security is crucial to maintain stable and reliable power system operation during the contingency situation due to the failure of any critical power system component. Ensuring a ‘secured smart grid’ involves with a less possibility of power grid collapse or equipment malfunction. Due to lack of the proper ‘security measures’, a major blackout may occur which can even lead to a cascad...

Power system throughout the world is undergoing tremendous changes and developments due to rapid Restructuring, Deregulation and Open-access policies. Greater liberalization, larger market and increasing dependency on the electricity lead to the system operators to work on limited spinning reserve and to operate on vicinities to maximize the economy compromising on the reliability and security ...

Highly reliable embedded systems have been widely applied in the fields of aerospace, nuclear power, high-speed rail, etc., which are related to security and economic development. The reliability of the power supply directly influences the security of the embedded system, and has been the research focus of numerous electronic information and energy studies. The degradation of power modules occu...

globalization effects on social security systems and on social expenditures in different countries will be analyzed in this chapter. our consentration is yet on anglo-saxon countries . but it is assumed that many offer countries are under the same pressure of globalization on their social security expenses as the anglo-saxon countries . this will be examined later in another chapter. in previou...

Secure and reliable operation of complex interactive power networks poses significant theoretical and practical challenges in analysis, modeling, simulation, prediction, control, and optimization. In addition, mathematical models of such interactive systems are typically vague (or may not even exist); moreover, existing and classical methods of solution are either unavailable, or are not suffic...

The problem of food security during the last few decades has acquired a global character. Population growth, reduction of farmland suitable for agriculture and ecological factors has led to a sharp increase in food demand. In such conditions, the role of countries which are able to increase the export of agricultural production in short-term periods is rising. Ukraine has great opportunities fo...

Household food security remains a challenge in South Africa. The national government instituted the Integrated Food Security Strategy (IFSS) programme which identifies household agricultural production as an important element of improving household-level food security. Agricultural extension is well positioned to help achieve this aim, but its current contribution is unknown. This study identif...