Plant spacing and nitrogen are the most important factors for increasing tuberose quality and quantity. In this study, field experiment carried out as factorial Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) in 3 replications. Different levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 kg/ha) of ammonium nitrate was used. Second factor was different plant spaces (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm). Results showed th...

The variation on neuraminidase (NA) stalk region of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus results in virulence change in animals. In our previous studies, the special NA stalk-motif of H5N1 viruses has been demonstrated to play a significant role in the high virulence and pathogenicity in chickens. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of viruses with different N...

Eukaryotic cells contain an unusually large cytoplasmic pool of P1/P2 phosphoproteins, which form the highly flexible 60S subunit stalk that is required to interact with and activate soluble translation factors. In cells, cytoplasmic P1/P2 proteins are exchanged for ribosome-bound proteins in a process that can modulate ribosome function and translation. Here, we analysed different S. cerevisia...

Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting the stalk region of influenza A virus (IAV) hemagglutinin (HA) are effective in blocking virus infection both in vitro and in vivo. The highly conserved epitopes recognized by these antibodies are critical for the membrane fusion function of HA and therefore less likely to be permissive for virus mutational escape. Here we report three resistant viruses...

The microcrystalline cellulose is an important ingredient in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and other industries. In this study, the microcrystalline cellulose, obtained from the stalk of Sorghum caudatum was evaluated for its physical and tableting characteristics with a view to assessing its usefulness in pharmaceutical tableting. The microcrystalline cellulose, obtained from the stalk of Sor...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) cause devastating losses in gallinaceous poultry world-wide and raised concerns of a novel pandemic. HPAIV develop from low-pathogenic precursors by acquisition of a polybasic HA cleavage site (HACS), the prime virulence determinant. Beside that HACS, other adaptive changes accumulate in those precursors prior to transformation into an HPAIV. He...

Expression of the catalytic (C) subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) of Dictyostelium under the control of heterologous, cell-type-specific promoters causes ectopic terminal differentiation. When expressed under the control of a prespore-specific promoter, development is accelerated, to yield highly aberrant fruiting bodies that contain a basal mass of spore cells surrounding a ce...

LAZZARO, M. D., and THOMSON, W. M. 1992. Ultrastructural localization of calcium in the organic acid secreting trichomes of chickpea (Cicer arietinurn). Can. J . Bot. 70: 2319-2325. In the organic acid secreting trichomes of chickpea (Cicer arietinutn L.), calcium is localized in the stalk and head cells using pyroantimonate and X-ray microanalysis. Light calcium deposits are present in the end...

The L1 stalk is a mobile domain of the large ribosomal subunit E site that interacts with the elbow of deacylated tRNA during protein synthesis. Here, by using single-molecule FRET, we follow the real-time dynamics of the L1 stalk and observe its movement relative to the body of the large subunit between at least 3 distinct conformational states: open, half-closed, and fully closed. Pretransloc...

The effect of colchicine on stalk elongation in the colonial peritrich ciliate Carchesium sp. has been investigated by growing this protozoon in colchicine-containing media. The length of the stalk in control cultures was 0-4-0-9 mm. In the presence of 2-5-125 mM colchicine, stalk elongation was inhibited, and stalk length was inversely proportional to colchicine concentration. At concentration...