BACKGROUND Previous Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) meetings focused on preclinical evidence of drug efficacy and enhancing acute stroke trial design and performance. A fourth (STAIR-IV) was held to discuss relevant issues related to acute stroke drug development and regulatory approval. SUMMARY OF REVIEW The STAIR-IV meeting had 3 main focus areas. The first topic was nov...

Stair gait is a useful activity for the assessment of knee function. The aim of this study was to determine whether knee joint kinematics and moments are affected by the choice of stair gait cycle (SGC) and the step used to measure ground reaction forces (GRFs). This was investigated through motion analysis of ten non-pathological subjects as they ascended and descended a four-step staircase. T...

INTRODUCTION K4b2 (COSMED Srl Italy) is a portable device that is considered valid and reliable for measuring oxygen uptake (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) under laboratory conditions. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the test-retest reliability of K4b2 during walking, stair climbing and descending stairs under free living conditions. METHODS Twelve participants completed two self-selected co...

To encourage an increase in daily activity, researchers have tried a variety of health-related communications, but with mixed results. In the present research-using the stair escalator choice context-we examined predictions derived from the Heuristic Systematic Model (HSM), Self Determination Theory (SDT), and related theories. Specifically, we tested whether (as predicted by HSM) signs that en...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine effects of practice and age on step-up movements onto raised structures. BACKGROUND Falls from laterally compliant structures, such as stepladders, often cause injuries in elderly persons. Although age differences in step-up movements onto raised structures with unexpected structural compliance have been reported, practice effects of such movemen...

The transport by molecular motors along cytoskeletal filaments is studied theoretically in the presence of static defects. The movements of single motors are described as biased random walks along the filament as well as binding to and unbinding from the filament. Three basic types of defects are distinguished, which differ from normal filament sites only in one of the motors’ transition probab...

Gait measurement is of interest for both orthopedists and biomechanical engineers. It is useful for analysis of gait disorders and in design of orthotic and prosthetic devices. In recent years portable sensors have been studied as a complement to vision based (Morris & Paradiso, 2002). They have been used to measure both the kinematics of gait such as accelerations and angles as well as kinetic...

By introducing Colpitts oscillator as a chaotic system, this paper deals with back-stepping control method and investigates the restrictions and problems of the controller where non-existence of a suitable response in the presence of uncertainty is the most important problem to note. In this paper, the back-stepping sliding mode method is introduced as a robust method for controlling nonlinear ...

This study aimed to examine the relationships among various stepping parameters, sex, and age in the elderly. Healthy elderly Japanese individuals 60-85 years old (50 males and 61 females) performed 4 types of stepping motions for 20 s. Stepping motions included bilateral stepping (back/forth and right/left) and unilateral stepping (back/forth and right/left). The number of steps, the average c...