Breaking the speed limit One of the serious, inherent limitations in all forms of SPM is the low imaging rate. This is because each image is built up pixel by pixel in a sequential scan of the surface. The scanning motion involves electronically controlled mechanical displacements, and usually some form of feedback is applied between a control parameter, such as tunneling current or force, and ...

Two pyrenyl-biimidazole based mononuclear Ru(II) and Os(II) complexes of the type [(bpy)2M(Py-BiimzH2)](2+) (M = Ru(II) and Os(II)), where Py-BiimzH2 = 10-(1-H-imidazole-2-yl)-9H-pyreno[4,5-d]imidazole and bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, have been synthesized and thoroughly characterized in this work using various analytical tools and spectroscopic techniques. These complexes were designed to recognize ...

The effects of permeant (K+) ions on polyamine (PA)-induced rectification of cloned strong inwardly rectifying channels (IRK1, Kir2.1) expressed in Xenopus oocytes were examined using patch-clamp techniques. The kinetics of PA-induced rectification depend strongly on external, but not internal, K+ concentration. Increasing external [K+] speeds up "activation" kinetics and shifts rectification t...

Subpixel mapping (SPM) is a technique that produces hard classification maps at a spatial resolution finer than that of the input images produced when handling mixed pixels. Existing spatial attraction model (SAM) techniques have been proven to be an effective SPM method. The techniques mostly differ in the way in which they compute the spatial attraction, for example, from the surrounding pixe...

The Drosophila Sex Comb on Midleg (SCM) protein is a transcriptional repressor of the Polycomb group (PcG). Although genetic studies establish SCM as a crucial PcG member, its molecular role is not known. To investigate how SCM might link to PcG complexes, we analyzed the in vivo role of a conserved protein interaction module, the SPM domain. This domain is found in SCM and in another PcG prote...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most virulent and resistant non-fermenting Gram-negative pathogens in the clinic. Unfortunately, P. aeruginosa has acquired genes encoding metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs), enzymes able to hydrolyze most β-lactam antibiotics. SPM-1 is an MβL produced only by P. aeruginosa, while other MβLs are found in different bacteria. Despite similar active sites, the resista...

BACKGROUND Because our previous study showed disparate voxel based morphometry (VBM) results between SPM and FSL softwares in the brain of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD), we investigated which VBM results may more represent atrophy by comparing with Freesurfer's cortical volume and thickness measures. METHODS MRI at 1.5 T was obtained during rout...

A simple and efficient approach to suppress undesirable self-phase modulation (SPM) of optical pulses propagating in fiber-optic systems is based on imposing a sinusoidal temporal phase modulation on the pulses to offset the chirp generated by SPM (Audo et al. 2017). Here, we present a detailed analysis of this method. We derive an exact formula for the reduction of the SPM-induced rms spectrum...

We summarize the basic concepts beneath the idea of superparamagnetism and introduce the Monte Carlo (MC) method as a powerful tool for studying superparamagnetic (SPM) properties. Starting with the description of the physical features of the single-domain SPM entities, we concentrate on their special magnetic properties as a function of time, temperature, and applied magnetic field. Then, we g...

SPM (Spoofing Prevention Method) proposed a peer-to-peer anti-spoofing method which could effectively filter spoofed packets and support incremental deployment. However, mechanism of SPM key updating has some serious problems: (1) heavy management cost; (2) risk of becoming the target of DOS/DDOS attacks during the key updating; (3) limitation of the scale of the SPM union; (4) impossibility of...