• An antibody, SIgA, found in breast milk alters the kinds of bacteria that colonize the infant gut. • The SIgA antibody also appears to change “turn on” and “turn off” genes involved in the rapid growth of the intestines that is normal in early life, as well as genes specifically linked to intestinal bowel disease. • These findings suggest a potential new role for the antibody in treating bowe...

available online at http://meteoritics.org 1331 © Meteoritical Society, 2003. Printed in USA. A laboratory model of splash-form tektites Linda T. ELKINS-TANTON,1, 2* Pascale AUSSILLOUS,3 José BICO,4 David QUÉRÉ,3 and John W. M. BUSH5 1Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA 2Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Massachusetts Institute of Te...

Li V. Zhang, Philippe Brunet, Jens Eggers, and Robert D. Deegan Department of Physics and Center for the Study of Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA Institut d’Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologies, UMR CNRS 8520, Avenue Poincaré, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France Department of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TW, United Kingdom

Eye protection during surgical procedures has gained more attention with the increasing prevalence of viral diseases among the population (1, 3-5). Until now, no vaccination exists against Hepatitis C and HIV (1). Prevention therefore remains crucial (4, 5). Viral screening has no sense as a routine technique, since often results are only known after the surgery (4). Financial budgets become ti...

Cache coherence protocols for sharedmemory multiprocessors have been well-studied. Here we present a trace-driven cache simulator used to derive network traffic statistics for three simple coherence protocols and three directory formats. Results for the SPLASH benchmarks are compared with published results and found to be in agreement. A short discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of each ...

As computer architectures move towards multicore we must build a theoretical understanding of parallelism in machine learning. In this paper we focus on parallel inference in graphical models. We demonstrate that the natural, fully synchronous parallelization of belief propagation is highly inefficient. By bounding the achievable parallel performance in chain graphical models we develop a theor...

During post-embryonic development, plants undergo a series of phase transitions, from juvenile to adult and from the vegetative to the reproductive phase. Recent findings reported in Cell (Wang et al., 2009; Wu et al., 2009) and Developmental Cell (Yamaguchi et al., 2009) reveal how microRNAs and their transcription factor targets coordinate these phase transitions.

MapReduce has been prevalent for running data-parallel applications. By hiding other non-functionality parts such as parallelism, fault tolerance and load balance from programmers, MapReduce significantly simplifies the programming of large clusters. Due to the mentioned features of MapReduce above, researchers have also explored the use of MapReduce on other application domains, such as machin...

For many years, researchers have known that breastfed infants gain some protection from certain viral infections. Occasionally, however, viruses like HIV, a kind of herpes called cytomegalovirus, and HTLV-1, which is linked to leukemia, are transmitted in breast milk from mom to babe. Explaining why infection occurs in some mother-infant pairs but not in many others remains a pressing question....