introduction: spinal cord injuries are accompanied with significant demyelination of axons and subsequent locomotor dysfunction. to identify the extent of damage following electrolytic lesion of ventrolateral white matter, essential area for initiation of locomotor activity, we assessed demyelination as well as alteration in motor performance. moreover, the protective effect of estradiol as a c...

typical nmo is characterized by simultaneous or sequential acute transverse myelitis and optic neuritis. spinal cord lesions extending over 3 or more vertebral segments and normal brain imaging are the typical mri findings in nmo. in typical cases with positive nmo antibody the diagnosis is easy but in seronegative and atypical cases with different clinical manifestations and mri features the d...

a high number of people in the world suffered from spinal cord injury (sci). spinal cord injuries are happen due to falls from height, accidents, climbing, sports and etc. emergency care according to the standards not performed immediately after sci. a significant enhancement in the number of mortality and complications was observed every year. the aim of this study is to prevent the mortality,...

background: the aim of this research was to study the distribution and changes of glycoconjugates particularly their terminal sugars by using lectin histochemistry during mouse spinal cord development. methods: formalin-fixed sections of mouse embryo (10-16 fetal days) were processed for lectin histochemical method. in this study, two groups of horseradish peroxidase-labeled specific lectins we...

Commissural interneurons in rhythm generation and intersegmental coupling in the lamprey spinal cord. To test the necessity of spinal commissural interneurons in the generation of the swim rhythm in lamprey, longitudinal midline cuts of the isolated spinal cord preparation were made. Fictive swimming was then induced by bath perfusion with an excitatory amino acid while recording ventral root a...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is considered incurable because axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely challenging, due to harsh CNS injury environment and weak intrinsic regeneration capability of CNS neurons. We discovered that neurotrophin-3 (NT3)-loaded chitosan provided an excellent microenvironment to facilitate nerve growth, new neurogenesis, and functional recover...

Background: Amylin and Salmon Calcitonin belong to the calcitonin family of peptides and have high affinity binding sites in the rat spinal cord. The aim of this study was to characterize receptors for Amylin and Salmon Calcitonin functionally in the spinal cord of rats. We assessed the expression of c-Fos in response to intraplantar formalin in the lumbar regions of the spinal cord in consciou...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The appearance of the damaged spinal cord after injury correlates with initial neurologic deficit, as determined by the American Spinal Injury Association grade and manual muscle test score, as well as with recovery, as assessed by manual muscle test scores. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of spinal cord hemorrhage and the size and location...

The nature of the synaptic drive from the locomotor spinal network onto the motoneurons was studied in the newborn rat. For this purpose, an in vitro isolated spinal cord preparation of newborn rat was used. The recording chamber was partitioned with Vaseline walls to separate the L1/L2 lumbar segments, in which the spinal locomotor network is located, from the motoneurons in the lower lumbar s...

Stimulation of sciatic nerve produced a rise in arterial blood pressure followed by a fall with an increase in the rate and depth of respiration in dogs under pentobarbitone anaesthesia. Application of cotton swabs soaked with GABA in 0.9 % saline to the spinal cord at Ll and L. segments did not change the basal arterial pressure and respiratory rate, but elicited only the pressor effect of sci...