in this study, in addition to estimating meat demand, live animal supply and marketing services supply for beef and lamb, economic behavior of marketing margin with respect to determinants of meat demand, live animal supply and marketing services supply have been evaluated for years 1998-2004. results indicate that, as examples, beef and lamb marketing margin elasticity with respect to feed pri...

Algorithms inspired by intelligent behavior of simple agents are very popular now a day among researchers. A comparatively young algorithm motivated by extraordinary behavior of Spider Monkeys is Spider Monkey Optimization (SMO) algorithm. SMO algorithm is very successful algorithm to get to the bottom of optimization problems. This work presents a self-adaptive Spider Monkey optimization (SaSM...

In the present study we investigated long-term memory for unpleasant, neutral and spider pictures in 15 spider-fearful and 15 non-fearful control individuals using behavioral and electrophysiological measures. During the initial (incidental) encoding, pictures were passively viewed in three separate blocks and were subsequently rated for valence and arousal. A recognition memory task was perfor...

Spiders have evolved highly selective toxins for insects. There are many insecticidal neurotoxins in spider venoms. Although a large amount of work has been done to focus on neurotoxicity of spider components, little information, which is related with effects of spider toxins on tumor cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, is available for Brachypelma albopilosum venom. In this work, a novel spid...

This study investigates the interpretative bias in spider phobia with respect to rapid visuomotor processing. We compared perception, evaluation, and visuomotor processing of ambiguous schematic stimuli between spider-fearful and control participants. Stimuli were produced by gradually morphing schematic flowers into spiders. Participants rated these stimuli related to their perceptual appearan...

15 Noninvasive genetic approaches enable biomonitoring without the need to directly observe or 16 disturb target organisms. Environmental DNA (eDNA) methods have recently extended this 17 approach by assaying genetic material within bulk environmental samples without a priori 18 knowledge about the presence of target biological material. This paper describes a novel and 19 promising source of n...

CONTEXT Hepatopathies can significantly influence both veins and arteries, these changes may cause some cutaneous stigmas, such as spider angioma (SA) and some systemic vascular changes, such as those observed in hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). Based on this common pathophysiological root we can assume that the SA can be skin markers of HPS. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to assess ...

A laboratory trial evaluated four phytoseiid species for their potential as biological control agents of spruce spider mite, Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi) (Acari: Tetranychidae). An augmentative biological control approach, using the predatory mites Neoseiulus fallacis Garman and Galendromus occidentalis Nesbitt (Acari: Phytoseiidae), was evaluated for reducing pest mite densities and injury, a...

Spiders perform many essential ecological services, yet humans often experience negative emotions toward spiders. These emotions can lead to the avoidance of beneficial events. These emotions may affect beliefs about what should or should not be included in a science curriculum. This study investigated how activities with living spiders affected preservice middle school science teachers' emotio...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ageing time of lamb loins prior to freezing on technological characteristics and oxidation stability of coarse ground lamb loin sausage using in a model system. METHODS Lamb loins (M. longissimus lumborum, n = 25) were aged at -1.5°C for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 8 wk and then frozen for the remaining days (a total of 30 wk). The aged...