Background: Reproductive dysfunction and endocrine disorders are common among men with complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin. More than 90% of men with epilepsy have abnormal semen analysis, including decreased sperm count, abnormal morphology, and impaired motility. The aim of this study was the assay of chronic treatment with melatonin during the latent phase and chronic phase of e...

I n the recent literature, several interesting articles have been published using the zona pellucdia (ZP)-bound sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to enhance embryo quality, implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. The three studies were performed independently in different ART clinics. In the test group, patients’ sibling immature (either germinal vesicle (GV) or metaphase I) ...

There no longer seem to be any categories of male factor infertility that cannot be treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Even for men with azoospermia caused either by obstruction or by germinal failure, ICSI may be performed successfully. The only failures will be in azoospermic men who have neither spermatozoa nor spermatids retrievable from the testis, but these men comprise...

Micro-assisted fertilization in the form of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has truly revolutionised the treatment options for couples with impaired semen quality, and those with both obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. In general, the major issues which relate to the success of ICSI are those related to the success of conventional IVF, and the high multiple pregnancy rate rema...