The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) relationship between water quality and income within European Union, considering spatial interdependences across countries. To end, we apply a econometrics framework using panel data, at national level, for twenty EU countries seventeen years, 1998 2014. Furthermore, account role human livestock popula...

assessing the quality of groundwater is important to ensure the sustainablesafe use of these resources. however, describing the overall water quality condition isdifficult due to the spatial variability of multiple contaminants and the wide range ofindicators (chemical, physical and biological) that could be measured. therefore, in thiscase study, some water quality parameters including na, mg,...

Current representations of spatial data quality (SDQ) do not adequately represent the spatial variation of SDQ. For example, a user who wants to know the positional accuracy of a feature usually has to rely on metadata statements, which usually refer to the entire data set. In reality, SDQ varies spatially; quality may be higher in some locations and lower in others perhaps due to different dat...

This testing aimed to determine the feasibility of using a kayak-mounted water quality collection system to measure the spatial distribution of water quality parameters (i.e. temperature, conductivity, pH, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen) in a given body of water. In addition to the water quality data collected by the spatial water quality analyzer, GPS and depth were collected, and the gathere...

Migration and quality of redistribution of population across country is one of the main factors that planners take into account to control population and guide its movements to economic poles. Scientific recognition of migration phenomenon is important for managing and policy making in the country. These movements change migration pattern, in a way that along with increase in population and the...

Spatial sound reproduction gives rise to new challenges for those trying to evaluate sensory features contributing to perceived quality. Recent technical developments have enabled the delivery of sophisticated multichannel audio signals to consumers, over links that range very widely in quality, requiring decisions to be made about the tradeoffs between different aspects of audio quality. Spati...

background: obtaining high quality images in single photon emission tomography (spect) device  is the most important goal in nuclear medicine. because if image quality is low, the possibility of making a mistake in diagnosing and treating the patient will rise. studying effective factors in spatial resolution of imaging systems is thus deemed to be vital. one of the most important factors in sp...

Context. Hot DQ white dwarfs constitute a new class of white dwarf stars, uncovered recently within the framework of the SDSS project. There exist nine of them, out of a total of several thousands white dwarfs spectroscopically identified. Recently, three hot DQ white dwarfs have been reported to exhibit photometric variability with periods compatible with pulsation g-modes. Aims. Here, we pres...

QbD is a systemic approach to pharmaceutical development. It means designing and developing formulations and manufacturing processes to ensure predefined product quality. Some of the QbD elements include defining a target product quality profile, designing product and manufacturing processes, identifying critical quality attributes, process parameters, and sources of variability and controlling...