The Fuzzy Kappa statistic expresses the agreement between two categorical raster maps. The statistic goes beyond cell-by-cell comparison and gives partial credit to cells based on the categories found in the neighborhood. When matching categories are found at shorter distances the agreement is higher. Like the well-established Kappa statistic the Fuzzy Kappa statistic expresses the mean agreeme...

Surveying programs of study at institutions higher learning throughout the world reveals that one natural disciplinary coupling is statistics and operations research, although these two specific disciplines currently lack an active synergistic research interface. Similarly, development spatial optimization has occurred in parallel nearly isolation. This paper seeks to alter this situation by in...

Recently, it is required to investigate the distribution of vegetation-covered areas on a regional scale for not only the improvement of urban environment but also the conservation of ecosystem. The spatial continuity of vegetation-covered areas like a green corridor plays an important role for the preservation of ecological balance especially. For the analysis of the spatial distribution of ve...

Exploring the spatial distribution of variation in plant secondary metabolites is critical for understanding the evolutionary ecology of biochemical diversity in wild organisms. In the present study, concentrations of foliar sideroxylonal, an important and highly heritable defense chemical of Eucalyptus melliodora, displayed strong, fine-scale spatial autocorrelation. The spatial patterns obser...

Principal component analysis denotes a popular algorithmic technique to dimension reduction and factor extraction. Spatial variants have been proposed to account for the particularities of spatial data, namely spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation, and we present a novel approach which transfers principal component analysis into the spatio-temporal realm. Our approach, named stPCA, ...