A techno-economic analysis was performed for a 100 dry-ton/day (90,719 kg/day) fast pyrolysis transportable plant. Renewable Oil International® LLC provided the life cycle cost of operating a 100 dryton/day fast pyrolysis system using southern pine wood chips as feedstock. Since data was not available from an actual large-scale plant, the study examined data obtained from an actual 15 dry-ton/d...

In the article by White et al. (1) we find that the authors prematurely linked the condition of a single coral community to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, without evaluating other plausible explanations, including the presence of natural oil and gas seeps near the coral, and the potential for underwater landslides to carry seep sediments onto the coral. The single coral location in question, ...

physical and chemical properties of  crude oil, including viscosity and api gravity, are commonly inherited  from the  early organic matter, environmental conditions in which they were deposited and depth of burial of the source beds. api gravity increases in deeper burial due to higher thermal maturation of organic matter in the source rocks and consequently, generation of lighter saturated hy...

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The objective of this document is to present a detailed technical guidance document for use by spill responders for the bioremediation of marine shorelines and freshwater wetlands contaminated with oil and oil products. Technical personnel who are responsible for designing and operating field bioremediation processes as well as consultants and equipment manufacturers will also...

The wild species field cress (Lepidium campestre), belonging to the Brassicaceae family, has potential to be developed into a novel oilseed- and catch crop, however, the species needs to be further improved regarding some important agronomic traits. One of them is its low oil content which needs to be increased. As far as we know there is no study aiming at increasing the oil content that has b...

Oil and gas reservoir has long-term suffering from hydrocarbon seepages including macroseepages and microseepages. The presence of seepages documents the first element of a hydrocarbon system and could therefore reduce exploration risks. Hydrocarbons that escape from underground reservoirs cause oxidation-reduction reactions either in situ or along vertical migration pathways and result in anom...

The dramatic decay of dipole geomagnetic field intensity during the last 160 years coincides with changes in Southern Hemisphere (SH) field morphology and has motivated speculation of an impending reversal. Understanding these changes, however, has been limited by the lack of longer-term SH observations. Here we report the first archaeomagnetic curve from southern Africa (ca. 1000-1600 AD). Dir...

Heletz–Ashdod oil field is the first deposit to have been discovered in Eastern Mediterranean. This has exploited until present despite its small reserves. However, this area’s tectonic–geodynamic and structural features must be studied more. Based on integrated regional geological–geophysical analysis, it was proposed that Heletz terrane, which includes deposit, nodal structure of terrane a co...

The high-speed swirling flow field in the cyclone oil-gas separator will cause the breakup of oil droplets, thus reducing the separation efficiency. In this paper, the performance of an oil-gas cyclone separator was investigated through both numerical simulations and experiments with considering the breakup of oil droplets in oil-gas cyclone separators. The gas flow field was simulated using th...