various criteria are involved impacting trend of art and literature in a society. socio-political infrastructure and changes within it are of the parameters affecting literature in a society. in 19th century in iran, literature and poetry in particular was reformed fundamentally under impact of socio political structure. courtier poetry was replaced by practical protest one to achieve this whil...

this article presents the question whether it is correct to classify günter grass’s the tin drum as a work of magical realism. a brief scrutiny of the elements of magical realism, particularly authorial reticence and concept of hesitation indicates that contrary to the advertisement of certain sources and publishers, this novel in certain circumstances, contradicts and opposes these two indispe...

In this paper, I address a range of arguments put forward by Kwame Gyekye (1992) and Bernard Matolino (2014) denying Menkiti’s twin propositions that persons differ ontologically from human beings attitudes, behaviours practices constitute in social reality. They argue his account “maximal” persons, rooted African traditional thought-worlds, conflates issues ultimately involve him category mist...

since the publication of anscombe’s famous paper “modern moral philosophy” (1958), virtue ethics has become a matter of discussion among scholars. at least four charges have been raised against virtue ethics, one of which is the charge of promoting undue enthusiasm regarding the moral fitness of human beings. this article explores the limits of virtue ethics with regard to the frailty of human ...

From the first commentaries of Akhundzadeh to Jamalzadeh’s introduction to Yeki Bud YekiNabud, i.e., over a period of almost fifty years, we can see a collection of a few scattered commentaries on story and novel which are rarely noticed by researchers. These scattered commentaries can be regarded as the first literary manifests of story and novel. These critiques and commentaries include subje...

    Abstract   Despite sophisticated conventional medical treatment and the continued development   and improvement of coronary revascularization modalities in recent years, a significant   number of patients still suffer from refractory angina pectoris and cannot be successfully   managed. Advances in therapeutic options have led to an increase in the average of life   expectancy even in such ...