objectives : because of poor bond between resin cement and zirconia ceramics, laser surface treatments have been suggested to improve adhesion. the present study evaluated the effect of co 2 and nd:yag lasers on the shear bond strength (sbs) of resin cement to zirconia ceramic. materials and methods : ninety zirconia disks (6×2 mm) were randomly divided into six groups of 15. in the control gro...

objective(s): it has been suggested that the efficiency of dry poder inhaler (dpi) is generally low. therefore, the aim of the present research work was to use the solvent treatment of the carrier in dpiformulations to see the possibility of inducing desirable characteristics.   materials and methods: lactose sieve fractions of 63-90 μm were submerged in ethanol or 80% v/v ethanol, methanol or ...

abstract: two new transition metal complexes, containing the acidic ligand 5-chlorosalicylic acid (h2l5), and 1,10-phenanthroline（phen） and 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane (bpp) as secondary ligands are reported. they are formulated as {[pb(hl5)2(phen)(h2o)]·h2o}n(1), [zn2(hl5)4(bpp)2]n(2). all the complexes are characterized by single-crystal x-ray diffractions. compoud 1 crystallizes in the triclini...

Attosecond science relies on the use of intense, waveform-controlled, few-cycle laser pulses1 to control extreme nonlinear optical processes taking place within a fraction of an optical period. A number of techniques are available for retrieving the amplitude envelope and chirp of such few-cycle laser pulses. However, their full characterization requires detection of the absolute offset between...

The majority of solids NMR experiments today are driven by biological applications in rigid macromolecules, where even the most advanced liquids methods are limited by the spectral resolution they can achieve. Obtaining detailed structural information from NMR of solid samples is often more technically demanding than for liquids because of the absence of molecular tumbling in solids to average ...

The transition from incandescent lighting to more energyefficient options is projected as a major opportunity for solid-state lighting (SSL.) The current prevailing technology for white-light SSL uses a nitride semiconductor blue LED combined with a downconverting YAG:Ce yellow phosphor. The residential use of LED lights presents challenges beyond efficiency, because of very-high color-renderin...

Solid-state modulators for pulsed power applications have been a goal since the first fast high-power semiconductor devices became available. Recent improvements in both the speed and peak power capabilities of semiconductor devices developed for the power conditioning and traction industries have led to a new generation of solid-state switched high power modulators with performance rivaling th...

Diffusion in solids, which requires the presence of crystal defects or disorder, has both microscopic and macroscopic aspects. Nuclear magnetic resonance techniques provide access to microscopic diffusion parameters like atomic jump rates and activation energies as well as to the tracer diffusion coefficient for macroscopic transport. Microscopic NMR methods include spin-lattice relaxation spec...

A H–C frequency-selective REDOR (FS-REDOR) experiment is developed for measuring intramolecular H–C distances in uniformly C, N-labeled molecules. Theory and simulations show that the experiment removes the interfering homonuclear H–H, C–C and heteronuclear H–N, C–N dipolar interactions while retaining the desired heteronuclear H–C dipolar interaction. Our results indicate that this technique, ...