hydroponic experiments were performed to exam the dynamic change of endogenous proline in rice seedlings exposed to potassium chromate chromium (vi) or chromium nitrate chromium (iii). although accumulation of both chromium species in rice seedlings was obvious, more chromium was detected in plant tissues of rice seedlings exposed to chromium (iii) than those in chromium (vi), majority being in...

The cross-sectional association of blood pressure with urinary sodium and potassium excretion was investigated with a stepwise regression analysis. Spot urine of 7441 females between 40 and 69 years was collected from 169 municipalities (88 urban and 81 rural) covering all prefectures in Japan. The filter paper sampling technique for urine was used to collect samples of subjects from March to D...

OBJECTIVE To measure the effect on hydration of two regimens, one that included drinking water as part of the dietary beverages and one that did not. METHODS In healthy, sedentary subjects, two different diets were evaluated for their effect on hydration. Trial A provided plain water to drink as part of the beverages served. Trial B omitted plain water from the beverages served. Twenty-seven ...

IMPORTANCE Identification of risk factors early in life for the development of high blood pressure is critical to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE To study prospectively the effect of dietary sodium, potassium, and the potassium to sodium ratio on adolescent blood pressure. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Growth and Health...

We present the synthesis of ~250 nm thick K0.5Na0.5NbO3 thin films on platinized silicon substrates from alkoxide-based solutions with the stoichiometric composition and with the 5 or 10 mole % potassium acetate excess. The films crystallized into a pure perovskite phase, but depending on the amount of the alkali excess in solutions, they consisted of ~50 nm or of ~200 nm large grains. The fine...

The scnsitivity of sodium cfltux to the removal of potassium ions from the cxtcrnal solution and the change in sodium cffiux occurring when sodium ions arc also removed were obscrvcd to be rclated. When Tris was used to replace cxtcrnal sodium ions, increases in sodium effiux were always observed whether the sensitivity of sodium cfflux to external potassium ions was weak or strong. Greater per...