Systemic acidosis induced by intravenous administration of hydrochloric acid lowered intraocular pressure in unanesthetized rabbits. Aqueous humor flow was reduced by approximately 50%, as measured by the iodide method and as calculated from tonographic data. Outflow facility, episcleral venous pressure, plasma osmolality, blood pressure, pulse, and body temperature were not altered by systemic...

1,2,4,5-Tetram ethylim idazole (3) is obtained by m etalation o f 2,4,5-trim ethylim idazole (2) with sodium in liquid am m onia and subsequent addition o f methyl iodide. 3 reacts w ith Lewis acids to form the com pounds M e4C 3N 2 BH3 (8) and M e4C 3N 2-E + (4, 5, 7, 10; E = Me, H, SiM e3, C(O)M e). The X-ray structure reveals the ionic nature o f pentam ethylim idazolium iodide (4) in the so...

a direct and an efficient conversion of a wide range of primary, secondary even tertiary alcohols to the corresponding iodides have been achieved under ionic liquid conditions. the method involves preparation of ionic liquid-based iminium chloride intermediate from dmf-like ionic liquid then stirring it with alcohol in present of sodium iodide. the higher yields of alkyl iodides were obtained w...

Sodium salt of chloride, bromide and iodide were used to elucidate the effect of the size of the anion on the binding to pharaonis halorhodopsin and its transport during the photocycle of this retinal protein. Spectroscopic titration revealed an apparent strong binding constant of 2 mM for chloride, 0.23 mM for bromide and 5 mM for iodide. In the case of iodide a second, week binding constant o...

Thyroid iodide uptake is basic to the clinical applications of radioiodine. Iodide uptake occurs across the membrane of the thyroid follicular cells through an active transporter process mediated by the sodium iodide symporter (NIS). The recent cloning of the NIS gene enabled the better characterization of the molecular mechanisms underlying iodide transport, thus opening the way to the clarifi...

Perchlorate has been detected in groundwater in many parts of the United States, and recent detection in vegetable and dairy food products indicates that contamination by perchlorate is more widespread than previously thought. Perchlorate is a competitive inhibitor of the sodium iodide symporter, the thyroid cell-surface protein responsible for transporting iodide from the plasma into the thyro...

background: exposure to arsenic is associated with impairment of male reproductive function by inducing oxidative stress. silymarin with an antioxidant property scavenges free radicals. objective: the aim of this study was to investigate if silymarin can prevent the adverse effects of sodium arsenite on ram sperm plasma membrane and acrosome integrity. materials and methods: ram epidydimal sper...

An 18-year-old 454-kg (1,000-lb) American Quarter Horse gelding was evaluated because of chronic intermittent malodorous right-sided nasal discharge. Endoscopy revealed a mycotic plaque in the nasal cavity adjacent to the nasomaxillary opening of the right caudal maxillary sinus. The nasomaxillary opening appeared to be larger than normal. Fungal culture of specimens of the mycotic plaque yield...

A protocol for the synthesis of α-alkynylnitrones from 1,3-enynes has been developed. The process is triggered by hydromagnesiation with magnesium hydride (MgH2), which prepared in situ through solvothermal treatment iodide (MgI2) sodium (NaH) tetrahydrofuran. Downstream functionalization resulting propargylmagnesium intermediates organo nitro compounds affords α-alkynylnitrones, could be used ...