A highly specific, high throughput-amenable bacterial biosensor for chemically induced cellular oxidation was developed using constitutively expressed redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein roGFP2 in E. coli (E. coli-roGFP2). Disulfide formation between two key cysteine residues of roGFP2 was assessed using a double-wavelength ratiometric approach. This study demonstrates that only a few min...

Previous studies suggest that production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) is increased in the intestinal mucosa during sepsis and endotoxaemia. We tested the hypothesis that mucosal IL-6 production during endotoxaemia is increased further by the heat-shock (stress) response. The stress response was induced in mice by hyperthermia (rectal temperature of 42 degrees C for 3 min) or by intraperitoneal injec...

Arsenite treatment has been found to induce clinical remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Although the potential therapeutic value of arsenite may lie in triggering apoptosis, it has not been established that cytotoxicity is the sole mechanism of action. We have used a myelomonocytic leukemia cell line (U937) to characterize the concentration-dependent effects of arsenite on...

Arsenic is a human carcinogen whose mechanism of action is unknown. Previously, this laboratory demonstrated that arsenite acts as a comutagen by interfering with DNA repair, although a specific DNA repair enzyme sensitive to arsenite has not been identified. A number of stable arsenite-sensitive and arsenite-resistant sublines of Chinese hamster V79 cells have now been isolated. In order to ga...

This study aimed to assess the toxic effects of heavy metals in adult male rats after chronic exposure early life stages. Juvenile Wistar were kept constant supply drinking water having metal salts such as Sodium Arsenite, Cadmium Chloride and Lead Acetate dose 100 times higher than Maximum Contamination Limit (MCL; laid done by US EPA, 2009) for 3 months along with control a free water. The re...

Epidemiological studies have correlated embryonic arsenic exposure with adverse developmental outcomes such as stillbirths, neonatal mortality, and low birth weight. Additionally, arsenic exposure reduces neuronal cell migration and maturation, and reduces skeletal muscle cell formation, alters muscle fiber subtype, and changes locomotor activity. This study used P19 mouse embryonic stem cells ...