BACKGROUND Diverse economic empowerment programmes (eg, microcredit, village-led savings and loan, cash and productive asset transfers) for the poor have demonstrated mixed results as vehicles for improved economic stability, health and women's empowerment. However, limited rigorous evaluations exist on the impact of financial and non-financial outcomes of these programmes, especially in confli...

in order to respond to the problem of urban decline, different approaches have been defined in sucha way that urban regeneration approach became current in the 1980s (and more wildly after 1995) as a replacement for urban renewal. urban regeneration is the holistic process of reversing economic, social and physical decay in areas where it has reached a stage when market forces alone will not su...

Interface (General Base Interface) generic AbstractAsset Person ID getID() AssetClass getType() Object accept(LifeCycleVisitor) void addLifeCycleListener(LifeCycleListener) void removeLifeCycleListener(LifeCycleListener) includes all methods not depending on the asset definitions in schema file and which have meaning and can be invoked independently of the asset life cycle; these are the method...

PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) amongst young people in the criminal justice system (CJS) in the North East of England and to compare the ability of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to the Youth Justice Board ASSET tool in identifying alcohol-related need in Youth Offending Team (YOT) clients. DESIGN/METHODOLO...

A growing literature of poverty traps advocates that social protection can be more effective in addressing poverty dynamics if it accounts for a critical threshold, around which both equilibrium outcomes and optimal behavior bifurcate. In this paper, we account for this type of threshold, and ask whether insurance can achieve the goals of social protection. Unlike traditional publicly-provided ...

As emphasized by Giovannini and Labadie (1991), empirical regularities involving nominal interest rates, asset prices, and inflation should be ultimately determined by money. The role of money, however, is almost neglected, particularly in terms of asset-pricing literature. This paper attempts to investigate the role of money in asset pricing in Japan. Specifically, it compares the empirical pe...

Small farms and smallholder farming systems play crucial roles in agricultural development in many developing countries. From the various rural development programs designed to support such farming systems, agricultural extension services are of at most importance. However, the benefit that farmers obtain from these services and the resulting impact depends, to a great extent, by their direct a...