The CO sensing properties of a micro thermoelectric gas sensor (micro-TGS) with a double AuPtPd/SnO₂ and Pt/α-Al₂O₃ catalyst were investigated. While several nanometer sized Pt and Pd particles were uniformly dispersed on SnO₂, the Au particles were aggregated as particles measuring >10 nm in diameter. In situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (DRIFT) analysis of the c...

Nitric oxide (NO) is metabolized in plasma, in part by the ferroxidase ceruloplasmin (Cp), to form nitrite and nitrosothiols (SNOs), which are proposed to mediate protective responses to hypoxia and ischemia. We hypothesized that NO metabolism would be attenuated in fetal plasma due to low Cp activity. We measured Cp concentrations and activity in plasma samples collected from adults and fetuse...

We analyze tests of electron flavor conservation that can be performed at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory ~SNO!. These tests, which utilize B solar neutrinos interacting with deuterium, measure ~1! the shape of the recoil electron spectrum in charged-current ~CC! interactions ~the CC spectrum shape!, and ~2! the ratio of the number of charged-current to neutral current ~NC! events ~the CC/NC r...

Nanocrystalline SnO(x) (x = 1-2) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by a simple chemical bath deposition method. Triethanolamine was used as complexing agent to decrease time and temperature of deposition and shift the pH of the solution to the noncorrosive region. The films were characterized for composition, surface morphology, structure and optical properties. X-ray diffraction ana...

Ras and Rho GTPases are molecular switches for various vital cellular signaling pathways. Overactivation of these GTPases often causes development of cancer. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and oxidants function to upregulate these GTPases through facilitation of guanine nucleotide exchange (GNE) of these GTPases. However, the effect of oxidants on GEF functions, or vice versa, has n...

Recent studies have pointed to protein S-nitrosylation as a critical regulator of cellular redox homeostasis. For example, S-nitrosylation of peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2), a peroxidase widely expressed in mammalian neurons, inhibits both enzymatic activity and protective function against oxidative stress. Here, using in vitro and in vivo approaches, we identify a role and reaction mechanism of the re...

The microstructure and nonohmic properties of SnO₂-Ta₂O₅-ZnO varistor system doped with different amounts of ZrO₂ (0-2.0 mol%) were investigated. The proposed samples were sintered at 1400°C for 2 h with conventional ceramic processing method. By X-ray diffraction, SnO₂ cassiterite phase was found in all the samples, and no extra phases were identified in the detection limit. The doping of ZrO₂...

Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in neurodegenerative diseases, however molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain elusive. Emerging evidence suggests that nitrosative stress, mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS), may play a role in mitochondrial pathology. Here, we review findings that highlight the abnormal mitochondrial morphology observed in many neurode-generative disorders...

We report a new photoanode for flexible dye sensitized solar cells based on a judicious combination of SnO(2) nanoparticles and ZnO nanotetrapods and the development of an effective low temperature fabrication technique of "acetic acid gelation-mechanical press-ammonia activation". A 4.91% efficiency has been achieved on an ITO-coated polyethylenenaphthalate (ITO/PEN) substrate under 1 sun equi...