The use of multiple loose ligations of the rat sciatic nerve has been proposed as a model for the study of allodynia and hyperalgesia. This pain hypersensitivity results from both an increase in the peripheral and central sensitization. The evidence indicating that the development of neuropathic thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia requires activation of spinal cord NMDA receptors. NMD...

The use of multiple loose ligations of the rat sciatic nerve has been proposed as a model for the study of allodynia and hyperalgesia. This pain hypersensitivity results from both an increase in the peripheral and central sensitization. The evidence indicating that the development of neuropathic thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia requires activation of spinal cord NMDA receptors. NMD...

The present study was done to shorten the start-up time of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. Two different nutrients were used during the UASB start-up period, which was designed to decrease the hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 48 to 24 and 12 to 6 hrs at average temperatures of 25-34 oC. In the first stage, start-up was with glucose for 14 days and then the reactor was also f...

Curcumin has been shown to possess strong anti-inflammatory activity in many diseases. It has been demonstrated that the janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) cascade and the NAcht leucine-rich-repeat protein 1 (NALP1) inflammasome are important for the synthesis of Pro-Interleukin (IL)-1β and the processing of the inactive protein to its mature form, ...

A graph is terminal ∆ − Y -reducible if, it can be reduced to a distinguished set of terminal vertices by a sequence of series-parallel reductions and ∆−Y -transformations. Terminal vertices (o terminals for short) cannot be deleted by reductions and transformations. Reducibility of terminal graphs is very difficult and in general not possible for graphs with more than three terminals (even pla...

Neuropathic pain is a major health issue and is frequently accompanied by allodynia (painful sensations in response to normally non-painful stimulations), and unpleasant paresthesia/dysesthesia, pointing to alterations in sensory pathways normally dedicated to the processing of non-nociceptive information. Interestingly, mounting evidence indicate that central glial cells are key players in all...

Recent improvements in next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled investigation of microsatellites on a genome-wide scale. Faced with a huge amount of candidates, the use of appropriate marker selection criteria is crucial. Here, we used the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis for an empirical microsatellite survey and validation; 132,251 candidate microsatellites were id...

Awal mula terbentuk SNI 7656:2012, rancangan campuran beton normal berpedoman sesuai 03-2834-2000. Untuk riset sekarang sudah dicoba sesuatu perbandingan kepada kedua bersangkutan untuk kualitas 25 MPa. Benda uji dipakai berupa silinder dengan dimensi 150milimeter x 300milimeter, berjumlah 15 benda buat tiap- tiap SNI. Penyelesaian menampilkan mutu yang diperoleh 2000 dan 2012 berturut: 21,95 M...