BACKGROUND Recent reviews and meta-analyses conclude that breastfeeding constitutes a small but consistent protective effect against obesity or higher values of body mass index (BMI) in children, though in some studies this effect was weakened after adjustment for potential confounders. The aim of this study was to explore the socio-demographic determinants of the duration of breastfeeding in S...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE A large number of colonies of Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus (LB) cariogenic bacteria in the saliva show a high risk of dental caries development. Cotinine is a biomarker of exposure to the tobacco smoke. The aim of the study was assessment of the number of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus in the saliva of n...

Reactivity to smoking-related cues may be an important factor that precipitates relapse in smokers who are trying to quit. The neurobiology of smoking cue reactivity has been investigated in several fMRI studies. We combined the results of these studies using activation likelihood estimation, a meta-analytic technique for fMRI data. Results of the meta-analysis indicated that smoking cues relia...

INTRODUCTION Nowadays, Buerger's disease (BD) is more common in the developing countries of Asia. Although its prevalence is going to decrease in the developed countries, its decline rate is not in parallel with that for smoking in these countries. Since the number of BD patients reported to MVasRc is increasing annually and its pathogenesis is unknown, the aim of the study was to investigate t...

BACKGROUND Whether cigarette smoking and moderate drinking are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)has not been fully described. This study investigated the separate and joint effects of smoking and moderate drinking on Chinese men with NAFLD. METHODS Across-sectional assay from DFTJ Cohort study was performed with a size of 9432 elderly Chinese men excluding excessive al...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of smoking cessation on mortality after myocardial infarction. DATA SOURCES English- and non-English-language articles published from 1966 through 1996 retrieved using keyword searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE supplemented by letters to authors and searching bibliographies of reviews. STUDY SELECTION Selection of relevant abstracts and articles was performed b...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between cigarette smoking and release of TNF-alpha and its soluble receptors (sTNFRI and sTNFRII) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RA patients. METHODS We studied 71 RA patients with established disease (mean duration 10.6 yr). Smoking history was established by questionnaire. T lymphocytes and monocytes were isolated from peripheral...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether a history of smoking or smoking during therapy after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for clinically localised prostate cancer is associated with increased treatment-related toxicity or disease progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Of 2358 patients receiving EBRT for prostate cancer between 1988 and 2005, 2156 had chart-recorded smoking histories. Patients were clas...

The effect of duration of cigarette smoking cessation on colorectal cancer risk by molecular subtypes remains unclear. Using duplication-method Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses, we examined associations between duration of smoking cessation and colorectal cancer risk according to status of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), microsatellite instability, v-raf murine sarcoma viral...