although the promotional effects on bone healing of pulsed electromagnetic fields (pemf) have beenwell demonstrated, the effects of static magnetic fields (smf) remained unclear. in this study, effects of acustom-made magnetic wrap on radiographic and histopathological aspects of bone healing using a canineunstable osteotomy gap model were investigated. after an osteotomy of the midshaft radius...

Pectate lyase (PL) was produced by the filamentous fungus Penicillium viridicatum RFC3 in solid-state cultures of a mixture of orange bagasse and wheat bran (1 : 1 w/w), or orange bagasse, wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse (1 : 1 : 0.5 w/w), and in a submerged liquid culture with orange bagasse and wheat bran (3%) as the carbon source. PL production was highest (1,500 U mL(-1) or 300 Ug(-1) of s...

In this paper we report field transmission of a 2 Tbit/s multi-banded Coherent WDM signal over BT Ireland's installed SMF, using EDFA amplification only, with mixed Ethernet (with FEC) and PRBS payloads. To the best of our knowledge, the results obtained represent the highest total capacity transmitted over installed SMF with orthogonal subcarriers. BERs below 10(-5) and no frame-loss were reco...

A novel reflective refractometer based on a thin-core fiber (TCF) sandwiched between a leading single-mode fiber (SMF) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) imprinted SMF stub was demonstrated. The reflection from the fiber stub occurs in two well-defined wavelength bands, corresponding to the Bragg core mode and cladding modes. The TCF section functions as a tailorable bridge between the FBG core mo...

A refractive index (RI) sensor based on a novel fiber structure that consists of a single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structure followed by a fiber Bragg grating was demonstrated. The multimode fiber in the SMS structure excites cladding modes within output single-mode fiber (SMF) and recouple the reflected cladding Bragg wavelength to the input SMF core. By measuring the relative Br...

In this report the analysis of optimum DCF Length for minimum bit error rate (BER) in SMF is done. With the aid of optsim simulation tool a DCF is employed with the proper variation in length to overcome the non linearity to get the minimum BER. Better performance was shown when the combination of SMF Length 90Km and DCF Length 12Km was chosen. At this particular value the minimum BER was obtai...

The paper reviews the recent progress on CO2-laser writing of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) in different kinds of fibers, including conventional single-mode fiber (SMF), boron-doped SMF, polarization-maintaining fiber, photonic crystal fiber, and polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber. In particular, we report the writing dynamics for the understanding of the physical mechanisms i...

Optical fiber is increasingly popular and appreciated as a modern sensor technology in various sectors, one of which for medical functions. This study was conducted to detect human diaphragmatic breathing flow using theoretical experimental approaches. Initially, the lung model formed finite element method Navier-Stokes equation by applying principles momentum continuity. Furthermore, Bragg gra...

Background : Recognizing effects of static magnetic field (SMF) varying flux density on flora and fauna is attempted. For this purpose the influence SMF upon porphine molecule studied. Methods Computations effect 0.0, 0.1, 1, 10 100 AFU (1 > 1000 T) were performed in silico for changes distribution electron that molecule. HyperChem 8.0 software was used together with AM1 method optimizat...