However, Kwon et al.’s analysis is not conservative for at least two reasons. First, it is likely that they substantially underestimated arsenic on hands. Kwon et al. reported, but apparently did not actually measure, total arsenic on hands. They washed hands, filtered the wash water, and measured soluble arsenic in the filtrate. Insoluble residue was measured as dry mass gain on the filters. T...

the liquid metal flow and the solidification behaviours in a multi-cavity casting mould of two automotive cast parts were simulated in three dimensions. the commercial code, flow-3d® was used because it can track the front of the molten metal by a volume of fluid (vof) method and allows complicated parts to be modeled by the fractional area/volume obstacle representation (favor) method. the gre...

To simulate the filtration and/or degradation of trickling sewage from leaky sewers through the non-water-saturated underground, sewage was trickled through sand of 0.4-2mm from the Rhine valley in glass columns of 125 cm length. For the same sewage the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was almost independent of low or high trickling rates. The COD removal efficiency varied, however, from 67...

We propose a neural architecture that estimates the speed of motion. The basis is a two-dimensional map made of locally connected integrate-and-fire neurons, that propagates and integrates synaptic input in a dendritic-cable-like manner, but irrespective of any direction. The propagation dynamics of such a map are tuned to filter preferred speeds: slow map dynamics filter slow speeds, fast map ...

Fast and slow skeletal muscle types are readily distinguished in larval zebrafish on the basis of differences in location and orientation. Additionally, both muscle types are compact, rendering them amenable to in vivo patch clamp study of synaptic function. Slow muscle mediates rhythmic swimming, but it does so purely through synaptic drive, as these cells are unable to generate action potenti...

The presence of particles such as algae, clay, organic materials and water-soluble substances often create turbidity or color in water. In recent years, electrocoagulation process has attracted an extensive attention due to its advantages. Since sand filters are widely used in water treatment industry and their corresponding backwash water is large in volume, turbidity removal will save water c...

The efficacy of slow filters for horticultural purposes is suggested to be the result of multiple factors. Physical and biological properties of the filter column and the nutrient solution are likely to influence on filter performance. It has previously been shown that enzyme activity on the filter skin is a main parameter which will explain roughly 50% of filter efficacy. Since enzyme activity...