introduction: noradrenergic cells in lc participate in the process of cortical activation and behavioral arousal. the evidence suggests that locus ceoruleus (lc) plays an important role in the sleep-wake cycle. the aim of this study was stereological estimation of cavity caused by lesion and assessment of sleep stages after bilateral lesion of the lc. materials and methods: male wistar rats wei...

Activity-based sleep-wake monitoring or actigraphy has gained a central role as a sleep assessment tool in sleep medicine. It is used for sleep assessment in clinical sleep research, and as a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine. This update indicates that according to most studies, actigraphy has reasonable validity and reliability in normal individuals with relatively good sleep patterns. The va...

ISSUE Many individuals with total blindness can develop a circadian rhythm disorder-called non-24 sleep wake syndrome-because they cannot detect light to resynchronize their sleep-wake cycles. A new melatonin 1 and melatonin 2 agonist tasimelteon improves sleep in these patients, resetting their circadian sleep-wake clocks.

Circadian rhythm sleep disorders are common in clinical practice. The disorders covered in this review are delayed sleep phase disorder, advanced sleep phase disorder, free-running, irregular sleep-wake rhythm, jet lag disorder and shift work disorder. Bright light treatment and exogenous melatonin administration are considered to be the treatments of choice for these circadian rhythm sleep dis...

Waking and sleep states are regulated by the coordinated activity of a number of neuronal population in the brainstem and hypothalamus whose synaptic interactions compose a sleep-wake regulatory network. Physiologically based mathematical models of the sleep-wake regulatory network contain mechanisms operating on multiple time scales including relatively fast synaptic-based interations between ...

Methods Out of 35 patients with JIA, enrolled after parental consent, 31 (23 males and 8 females) completed the study. Mean age of the patients was 9.8 years (Range 6.114.5 years). The patients were enrolled when they demonstrated active disease at presentation or during relapse, as ‘active disease group’ and followed up regularly at 6-8 weekly intervals, till they improved with treatment. Dise...

background: although sleep disorders are common problems among families and they affect the learning, memory processes and academic performance of children, there is no evaluation of these disorders in iran. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders and its association with academic performance of school age children.materials and methods: a cross-sectional study was...

From earliest times, psychiatrists have described biological rhythm disturbances as characteristic of mood disorders. The present flourishing of circadian biology has revealed the molecular basis of 24-h rhythmicity driven by 'clock' genes, as well as the importance of zeitgebers (synchronisers). Winter depression was first modelled on regulation of animal behaviour by seasonal changes in dayle...

Although a nonlinear time-of-day and prior wake interaction on performance has been well documented, two recent studies have aimed to incorporate the influences of sleep restriction into this paradigm. Through the use of sleep-restricted forced desynchrony protocols, both studies reported a time-of-day × sleep restriction interaction, as well as a time-of-day × prior wake × sleep dose three-way...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To review the state of the science on sleep/wake disturbances in people with cancer and their caregivers. DATA SOURCES Published articles, books and book chapters, conference proceedings, and MEDLINE, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library computerized databases. DATA SYNTHESIS Scientists have initiated studies on ...