Breathing route during sleep has been studied very little, however, it has potential importance in the pathophysiology of sleep disordered breathing. Using overnight polysomnography, with separate nasal and oral thermocouple probes, data were obtained from 41 subjects (snorers and nonsnorers; 25 male and 16 female; aged 20-66 yrs). Awake, upright, inspiratory nasal resistance (Rn) was measured ...

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), a stoppage or partial stoppage of air flow during sleep has been gaining more attention as a Sleep Related Breathing Disorder. This treatable syndrome has many associated co-morbidities that can have severely detrimental effects on a person’s well being and general health. It has been estimated that 20% or more of the population suffers from some level of OSA, man...

Respiratory muscle weakness in neuromuscular disease causes significant morbidity and mortality. The published data on respiratory muscle activity and breathing during sleep in normal subjects, the impact of respiratory muscle weakness on sleep and breathing and the relations to daytime respiratory function in neuromuscular disease are reviewed here. In normal subjects during sleep upper airway...

Sleep-disordered breathing occurs in as many as 17% of adults and is associated with increased mortality.1 Characterized by the occurrence of repetitive episodes of apneas and hypopneas resulting in intermittent oxyhemoglobin desaturation and sleep disruption, it is a common comorbid condition in patients with heart disease, who may have both obstructive and central variants. Apneas and hypopne...

Sleep is involved in the regulation of major organ functions in the human body, and disruption of sleep potentially can elicit organ dysfunction. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most prevalent sleep disorder of breathing in adults and children, and its manifestations reflect the interactions between intermittent hypoxia, intermittent hypercapnia, increased intra-thoracic pressure swings, a...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between sleep disturbance in children with liver transplants and parent and family health-related quality of life (HRQOL). METHOD 47 parents of children with liver transplants completed measures of child sleep and family HRQOL. Relationships between sleep and HRQOL and differences in HRQOL between groups with scores above and below the cutoff on a ped...

Parkinson's disease (PD) has traditionally been characterized by its cardinal motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability. However, PD is increasingly being recognized as a multidimensional disease associated with myriad nonmotor symptoms including autonomic dysfunction, mood disorders, cognitive impairment, pain, gastrointestinal disturbance, impaired olf...

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is notorious for its debilitating consequences and early age of onset. The need for early diagnosis and intervention has frequently been underscored. Previous studies have attempted to clarify the bidirectional relationship between ADHD and sleep problems, proposing a potential role for sleep problems as early predictors of ADHD. Sleep deprivation...

Caples, Sean M., Robert Wolk, and Virend K. Somers. Influence of cardiac function and failure on sleep-disordered breathing: evidence for a causative role. J Appl Physiol 99: 2433-2439, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00676.2005.— Heart failure is an increasingly common public health problem that is strongly linked to both central and obstructive sleep apnea, collectively referred to as sleep-di...

OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with the pathophysiology of sleep disorders in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. We examined the relationship of the sleep variables reflecting sleep breathing disorder and limb movements during sleep with the clinical variables reflecting the metabolic abnormalities in ESRD patients receiving hemodialy...