In Figure S1, the computed surface energies obtained with slab models of increasing number of O-Ti-O layers are plotted. We compare the values obtained by keeping all the coordinates fixed in the bulk positions (black symbols in the figure) to those obtained by relaxing the outermost layers of the slab (green for 1 layer and red for two layers), and keeping fixed at bulk coordinates the innermo...

The incidence of thin-film-guided, in-plane unguided waves at oblique angles on straight discontinuities of dielectric slab waveguides, an early problem of integrated optics, is being reconsidered. The 3-D frequency domain Maxwell equations reduce to a parametrized inhomogeneous vectorial problem on a 2-D computational domain, with transparent-influx boundary conditions. We propose a rigorous v...

Subduction zones play critical roles in the recycling of oceanic lithosphere and the generation of continental crust. Seismic imaging can reveal structures associated with key dynamic processes occurring in the upper-mantle wedge above the sinking oceanic slab. Three-dimensional images of reflecting interfaces throughout the upper-mantle wedge above the subducting Tonga slab were obtained by mi...

Link slabs designed for macroscopically crack free concrete bridge decks system were experimentally tested. The property requirements of the link slab material were considered. Special focus was placed on the fatigue and durability performance. Introduction of a ductile Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) material is proposed for its ability to control crack width and to exhibit high ductil...

[1] We conduct three-dimensional subduction experiments by a finite element approach to study flow around slabs, which are prescribed based on a transient stage of upper mantle subduction from a laboratory model. Instantaneous velocity field solutions are examined, focusing on the toroidal vs. poloidal components as a function of boundary conditions, plate width, and viscosity contrast between ...

In this paper we derive a posteriori error estimates for the heat equation. The time discretization strategy is based on a θ-method and the mesh used for each time-slab is independent of the mesh used for the previous time-slab. The novelty of this paper is an upper bound for the error caused by the coarsening of the mesh used for computing the solution in the previous time-slab. The technique ...

We study adiabatic transformation in optical waveguides with discrete translational symmetry. We calculate the reflection and transmission coefficient for a structure consisting of a slab waveguide that is adiabatically transformed into a photonic crystal waveguide and then back into a slab waveguide. The calculation yields high transmission over a wide frequency range of the photonic crystal w...