The classification of skin is a vital necessity for the evaluation of the effect of different skin care products and skin treatments. World demographics continue to evolve and diversify at unprecedented levels. With this growth and mixing of ethnicities come significant changes in the composition of world skin types (1). It is becoming increasingly aware that the world composition includes many...

INTRODUCTION To improve laser hair removal (LHR) for dark skin, the fluence rate reaching the hair follicle in LHR is important. This paper presents the results of a comparative study examining the function of wavelength on dark skin types using 755 nm alexandrite and 810 nm diode lasers. METHODS The structure of the skin was created using a realistic skin model by the Advanced Systems Analys...

Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer types. It is generally divided into two categories: melanoma (∼ 5%) and nonmelanoma (∼ 95%), which can be further categorized into basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and some rare skin cancer types. Biopsy is still the gold standard for skin cancer evaluation in the clinic. Various anatomical imaging techniques have been used to evaluate...

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in anogenital carcinogenesis is firmly established, but evidence that supports a similar role in skin remains speculative. Immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients have an increased incidence of viral warts and nonmelanoma skin cancer, and the presence of HPV DNA in these lesions, especially types associated with the condition epidermodysplasia verruci...

The skin of color population is rapidly growing in the United States. This population has numerous unique and more commonly occurring dermatologic conditions. Additionally, certain cutaneous conditions can present differently in darker versus lighter skin types. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of common conditions that occur in skin of color, including their clinical presentations, p...

background and aims. pemphigus is a chronic autoimmune and vesiculobollous disease that can affect skin and different mucous membrane surfaces. primary manifestations occur in oral cavity in almost 60% of cases. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the epidemiology of pemphigus in tehran, iran in a 20-year period. materials and methods. a retrospective study was conducted on the rec...


 Coffee skin waste, which is abundant in Bali's coffee-producing regions, has not been utilized and become a public health hazard. Therefore, it necessary to make an effort utilize as beneficial raw material for animal feed, while simultaneously enhancing its quality through fermentation. Using various types of probiotics, the research conducted seeks improve fermentation coffee waste. Th...

background: providing and sustaining the mental health of mothers who have experienced a traumatic childbirth have significant impact on the health of the mother, family and society. this study aimed to evaluate the effect of early skin-to-skin contact in the first hour of birth on the mental health of mothers with traumatic childbirth. methods: this randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2...