In this study, the effects of combining ursolic acid + resveratrol, for possible combined inhibitory effects on skin tumor promotion, were evaluated. Ursolic acid, resveratrol, and the combination of ursolic acid + resveratrol were applied topically prior to 12-O-tetracanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment on mouse skin to examine their effect on TPA-induced signaling pathways, epidermal hype...

Although it is well known that the majority of human cancers occur as the result of exposure to environmental carcinogens, it is clear that not all individuals exposed to a specific environmental carcinogen have the same risk of developing cancer. Considerable evidence indicates that common allelic variants of low-penetrance, tumor susceptibility genes are responsible for this interindividual v...

background and purpose: skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. several studies suggest a high incidence of skin cancer in most countries. timp-2 is the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase and exist in both cancer and normal cells. the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of timp-2 gene in patients with skin cancer and evaluating the association between th...

Epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) are an integral component of the skin immune system as they initiate immune responses to a variety of antigens, including tumor antigens. When skin is exposed to carcinogenic doses of ultraviolet-B irradiation, chemical carcinogens or tumor promoters there is a significant reduction of LC density. This causes the skin to be immunocompromised and provides an oppor...

BACKGROUND Although regenerative capacity is evident throughout the animal kingdom, it is not equally distributed throughout evolution. For instance, complex limb/appendage regeneration is muted in mammals but enhanced in amphibians and teleosts. The defining characteristic of limb/appendage regenerative systems is the formation of a dedifferentiated tissue, termed blastema, which serves as the...

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key component of the tumor microenvironment and play an important role in disease progression treatment outcome. Here we used single-cell transcriptomics, CNV analysis, situ stainings to elucidate yet unresolved intra-tumoral CAF heterogeneity melanoma, basal squamous cell carcinoma. We identified three major subtypes, with their presence being indicat...

Sweat-gland carcinoma is a rare cutaneous appendage malignant tumor. Primary sweat-gland cancer can arise in the eyelid and orbit and is extremely rare. It has been classified into different types, and is usually locally recurrent after surgery. The tumors also appear in the orbit, which is characterized by metastasis. Therefore, great attention should be paid to the development of sweat-gland ...

Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells have emerged as key players and potential immunotherapeutic targets in antitumor immunity. However, the study of TRM within TME has been hampered by a lack adequate tumor models. Cell lines injected subcutaneously do not contain same biological cues tumors arising from dermis epidermis, while most other models known tumor-specific antigen to track immune res...

Spores of Clostridium sp. N1 are characterized by numerous broad ribbon-like appendages attached to one end. The appendages are two to three times the length of the spore and, at their maximal dimension, may be two-thirds the width of the spore. They are attached to the spore body by a common trunk which is continuous with the outer spore coat. Each appendage is a multilayered structure and is ...

BACKGROUND Intracranial hemorrhage is the most serious complication of anticoagulant therapy and is itself an absolute contraindication to further treatment. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 78-year-old patient with permanent atrial fibrillation and previous intracranial hemorrhage during oral anticoagulation therapy, who was a candidate for percutaneous closure of the left atrial appenda...