We developed a novel detection method for osteopontin (OPN), a new biomarker for prostate cancer, by attaching a genetically engineered single-chain variable fragment (scFv) protein with high binding affinity for OPN to a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (NT-FET). Chemical functionalization using diazonium salts is used to covalently attach scFv to NT-FETs, as confirmed by atomic force m...

HNK20 is a mouse monoclonal IgA that binds to the F glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and neutralizes the virus, both in vitro and in vivo. The single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) derived from HNK20 is equally active and has allowed us to assess rapidly the effect of mutations on affinity and antiviral activity. Humanization by variable domain resurfacing requires that surface...

Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) is one of the most prevalent causes of food-borne illness throughout the world. SFP is caused by 21 different types of staphylococcal enterotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Among these, staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is the most potent toxin and is a listed biological warfare (BW) agent. Therefore, development of immunological reagents for detect...

PURPOSE CD11c is an antigen receptor predominantly expressed on dendritic cells (DC), to which antigen targeting has been shown to induce robust antigen-specific immune responses. To facilitate targeted delivery of tumor antigens to DCs, we generated fusion proteins consisting of the extracellular domain of human HER or its rat homologue neu, fused to the single-chain fragment variable specific...

Production of high-value recombinant proteins in transgenic seeds is an attractive and economically feasible alternative to conventional systems based on mammalian cells and bacteria. In contrast to leaves, seeds allow high-level accumulation of recombinant proteins in a relatively small volume and a stable environment. We demonstrate that single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-Fc antibodies, wi...

We describe here the 1.7-A resolution structure of a single-chain antibody variable domain (scFv) molecule, based on the carbohydrate-binding antibody Se155-4, complexed with the trisaccharide ligand alpha-D-Gal(1-->2)[alpha-D-Abe(1-->3)]alpha-D-Manp1-->OMe, where Abe is abequose. The scFv expressed in Escherichia coli has the variable region light chain to heavy chain polarity with the domains...

Aβ (amyloid β) immunotherapy has been revealed as a possible tool in Alzheimer's disease treatment. In contrast with complete antibodies, the administration of scFvs (single-chain variable fragments) produces neither meningoencephalitis nor cerebral haemorrhage. In the present study, the recombinant expression of scFv-h3D6, a derivative of an antibody specific for Aβ oligomers, is presented, as...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related dementia, and the most urgent problem is that it is currently incurable. Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is believed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of AD. We previously reported that an Aβ N-terminal amino acid targeting monoclonal antibody (MAb), A8, inhibits Aβ fibril formation and has potential as an immunotherapy for AD based ...

Purpose: More than half of the diagnostic and therapeutic recombinant protein production depends on mammalian-based expression system. However, the generation of recombinant antibodies remains a challenge in mammalian cells due to the disulfide bond formation and reducing cytoplasm. Therefore, the production of functional recombinant antibodies in target cell line is necessary to be evaluated b...