In this paper, we employ the notions of digital inequality and digital divide to describe two levels of access to Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs). On the one hand there is the inequality of access to the cluster of technology measured by Internet use intensity and on the other are the confluence of skills and other resources that differentiate countries in sub-Saharan Africa....

To realize the full potential of mobile multimedia, mobility protocols are needed to handle situations when nodes move while in a multimedia session. Many mobility protocols have been proposed for IP-based networks. In some important cases in using these mobility protocols such as mobile IPv6 with route optimization, a problem can arise when both nodes are mobile and move simultaneously. The pr...

We present biRNA, a novel algorithm for prediction of binding sites between two RNAs based on minimization of binding free energy. Similar to RNAup approach [29], we assume the binding free energy is the sum of accessibility and the interaction free energies. Our algorithm maintains tractability and speed and also has two important advantages over previous similar approaches: 1) it is able to p...

Method for geophysical parameter estimations with microwave radiometer data based on Simulated Annealing: SA is proposed. Geophysical parameters which are estimated with microwave radiometer data are closely related each other. Therefore simultaneous estimation makes constraints in accordance with the relations. On the other hand, SA requires huge computer resources for convergence. In order to...

This paper studies simultaneous equations models for two or more discrete outcomes. The models allow latent variables to be high dimensional and require latent variables and covariates to be independently distributed. The models may be incoherent, delivering no values of the outcomes at certain values of the latent variables and covariates. The models may be incomplete, delivering more than one...

Copyright: © 2017 INFORMS Abstract. We test an information theory of prosocial behavior whereby ego utility and self-signaling crowd out the effect of consumption utility on choice. The data come from two field experiments involving purchases of a consumer good bundled with a charitable donation. Across experimental cells, we randomize the price level and the donation level. A model-free analys...

Structural models are models for empirical work that have parameters stable to changes in the economic environment. In structural econometric models, economic theory is used to develop mathematical statements about how a set of observable “endogenous” variables are related to another set of observable “exogenous” variables. Examples for structural modeling include demand analysis, schooling cho...

The tools for policy evaluation and analysis reviewed in the preceding chapters are all ex-post, as they essentially compare the distribution of welfare over a population before and after a given policy or a given local program is implemented. While ex-post evaluation is essential for assessing the true impacts of existing policies and programs, there are many instances in which policymakers wo...

We take a new look at transient, or time-dependent Little laws for queueing systems. Through the use of Palm measures, we show that previous laws (see Bertsimas and Mourtzinou (1997)) can be generalized. Furthermore, within this framework, a new law can be derived as well, which gives higher-moment expressions for very general types of queueing system; in particular, the laws hold for systems t...

For more than two decades, the Center for Lifespan Psychology has promoted a perspective on behavioral development that seeks to integrate age periods, domains of functioning, timescales, and levels of analysis. In part through these efforts, lifespan psychology has evolved into a distinct conceptual approach within developmental psychology (e.g., Baltes, 1987; Baltes, Lindenberger, & Staudinge...