We present a new strategy to estimate the geometry of a rupture on a finite fault in real time for earthquake early warning. We extend the work of Cua and Heaton who developed the virtual seismologist (VS) method (Cua, 2005), which is a Bayesian approach to seismic early warning using envelope attenuation relationships. This article extends the VS method to large earthquakes where fault finiten...

Compared with the double-difference relative positioning method, the precise point positioning (PPP) algorithm can avoid the selection of a static reference station and directly measure the three-dimensional position changes at the observation site and exhibit superiority in a variety of deformation monitoring applications. However, because of the influence of various observing errors, the accu...

The capabilities and advantages of laser scanners used for structural engineering applications to monitor and assess structural damage in laboratory tests and post-earthquake field survey are discussed. High definition laser scans have many advantages over conventional instrumentation as follows: (1) they capture three dimensional global deformations of large objects with accuracy, (2) they all...

Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) systems are one of the vibration controlled devices used to reduce the response of buildings subject to lateral loadings such as wind and earthquake loadings. Although TMDs system has received much attention from researchers due to their simplicity, the optimization of properties and placement of TMDs is a challenging task. Most research studies consider optimization o...

Computer simulation of the strong ground motion generated from the earthquake•rupture process on a shallow strike-slip fault are carried out by using a 3-D finite difference method. The faulting process is modeled using a dynamic crack model with fixed rupture velocity or with finite-stress-fracture criterion. The near-source ground motion is sensitive to the details of sliprate or slip-acceler...

The vision of cyberinfrastructure is to provide “the comprehensive infrastructure needed to capitalize on dramatic advances in information technology,” in support of science and engineering applications. The development of collaboration environments based on “science portals” plays an important role in achieving this cyberinfrastructure vision. While online, discipline-specific problem solving ...

On 27 March and 2 June 2013, two large earthquakes with magnitudes of ML 6.2 and ML 6.5, named the Nantou earthquake series, struck central Taiwan. These two events were located at depths of 15–20 km, which implied that the mid-crust of central Taiwan is an active seismogenic area even though the subsurface structures have not been well established. To determine the origins of the Nantou earthq...

A number of seismic response records obtained from instrumented bridge during earthquake provide opportunity to assess structural performance and integrity by evaluating structural dynamic characteristics and its possible changes due to earthquake. In this paper a methodology to identify dynamic characteristics of instrumented bridge based on earthquake-induced vibration is presented. A time do...

Wavelets have a wide range of useful functions that permit them to effectively treat problems such as data compression, scale-localization analysis, feature extraction, visualization, statistics, numerical simulation, and communication. We discuss their features and how they can be used in an integrated manner to handle large-scale problems in earthquake physics and other nonlinear problems in ...