Most algorithms in 3-D Computer Vision rely on the pinhole camera model because of its simplicity, whereas video optics, especially low-cost wide-angle or fish-eye lens, generate a lot of non-linear distortion which can be critical. To find the distortion parameters of a camera, we use the following fundamental property: a camera follows the pinhole model if and only if the projection of every ...

It is known from experiments that the radiated x-ray energy appears to exceed the calculated implosion kinetic energy and Spitzer resistive heating [C. Deeney, Phys. Rev. A 44, 6762 (1991)] but possible mechanisms of the enhanced x-ray production are still being discussed. Enhanced plasma heating in small-diameter wire arrays with decreased calculated kinetic energy was investigated, and a revi...

When using perspective cameras underwater, the underwater housing with its glass interface between water and air causes the light rays to change their direction due to refraction. In applications where geometrical properties of images are exploited without explicitly modeling refraction, i.e. when using the perspective pinhole camera model, this leads to a systematical error. This error is depe...

In this paper a novel camera model, the inversion camera model, is introduced, which encompasses the standard pinhole camera model, an extension of the division model for lens distortion, and the model for catadioptric cameras with parabolic mirror. All these different camera types can be modeled by essentially varying two parameters. The feasibility of this camera model is presented in experim...

Perhaps the simplest of biological timing systems, bacteriophage holins accumulate during the phage morphogenesis period and then trigger to permeabilize the cytoplasmic membrane with lethal holes; thus, terminating the infection cycle. Canonical holins form very large holes that allow nonspecific release of fully-folded proteins, but a recently discovered class of holins, the pinholins, make m...

During embryonic development the lens receives nourishment from the posterior and anterior tunica vasculosa lentis. During the fourth month of gestation, macrophages play a role in the regression of the tunica vasculosa lentis, revealing the pupillary aperture posteriorly. The persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) represents a congenital remnant of the anterior tunica vasculosa lentis. As in this...

This paper proposes a technique for using infrared (IR) imagery to eliminate false forward-looking ground penetrating radar (FLGPR) detections by examining areas in IR images corresponding to FLGPR alarm locations. The FLGPR and IR co-location is based on the assumption of a flat earth and the pinhole camera model. The parameters of the camera and its location on the vehicle are not assumed to ...

In this section we derive the algebraic equations commonly used in the computer graphics technique of raytracing, where the simulation of geometric propagation of rays in an illuminated scene is used to produce highly realistic renderings of three-dimensional virtual scenes. Somewhat counter-intuitively, but for reasons of efficiency, in practical raytracer implementations, ray trajectories ori...

Most algorithms in 3-D Computer Vision rely on the pinhole camera model because of its simplicity, whereas video optics, especially low-cost wide-angle lens, generate a lot of non-linear distortion which can be critical. To nd the distortion parameters of a camera, we use the following fundamental property: a camera follows the pinhole model if and only if the projection of every line in space ...

Monochromator-induced glitches m the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) are studied using a pinhole sample . We have collected more detailed beam-profile data that enabled us to do a better simulation of the glitch shape. Applying the model we developed earlier, we obtain excellent agreement between the simulation and the experimental pinhole glitch . We point out that the EXAFS g...