Background: Antioxidants are developed to assist the immune system and overcome oxidative stress, the aggression of cellular constituents due to imbalance between reactive oxygen species and the inner antioxidant system. The main objective of this study was to search for new and potent antioxidants to protect humans against diseases associated with oxidative stress. Methods: In this study, thr...

background and objectives: streptococcus pneumoniae, a major human pathogen, is closely related to the commensal species s. mitis and s. oralis. s. pneumoniae surface proteins are implicated in virulence and host interaction of this species, but many of them have recently been detected in s. mitis b6 in silico. we tested for the presence of such genes usinga set of eight s. mitis and eleven s. ...

background and objectives: brucellosis is an important health problem in developing countries and no vaccine is available for the prevention of infection in humans. because of clinically infectious diseases and their economic consequences in human and animals, designing a proper vaccine against brucella is desirable. in this study, we evaluated the immune responses induced by a designed recombi...

Objective(s): Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in pigment synthesis. Overproduction of melanin in parts of the skin results in hyperpigmentation diseases. This enzyme is also responsible for the enzymatic browning in fruits and vegetables. Thus, its inhibitors are of great importance in the medical, cosmetic and agricultural fields. Materials and Methods: A series of twelve kojic acid derivatives wer...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the main cause of tuberculosis (TB), has still remained a global health crisis especially in developing countries. Tuberculosis treatment is a laborious and lengthy process with high risk of non compliance, cytotoxicity adverse events and drug resistance in patient. Recently, there has been an alarming rise of drug resistant in TB. In this regard, it is an unmet need...

It is now widely accepted that animal behavior optimizes certain performance criteria. The question is, which criteria are being optimized? To answer this question, today, ethologists start by conducting some exploratory experiments. After the preliminary data is gathered, they infer a set of potential hypotheses. In order to find out which hypothesis is more likely to be correct, they have to ...

Bacteria are able to sense their environment and move towards sources of attractant and away from sources of repellent through the process of chemotaxis. The best understood model for chemotaxis comes from Escherichia coli, where the biochemical pathways have been extensively studied. In E. coli, the bacterium switches between swimming and tumbling based on the changes in the local concentratio...

An in silico tool that can be utilized in the clinic to predict neoplastic progression and propose individualized treatment strategies is the holy grail of computational tumor modeling. Building such a tool requires the development and successful integration of a number of biophysical and mathematical models. In this paper, we work toward this long-term goal by formulating a cellular automaton ...

Early prediction of cardiotoxicity is critical for drug development. Current animal models raise ethical and translational questions, and have limited accuracy in clinical risk prediction. Human-based computer models constitute a fast, cheap and potentially effective alternative to experimental assays, also facilitating translation to human. Key challenges include consideration of inter-cellula...

Backgrounds: Cyanidin and peonidin, anthocyanin compounds, have many in silico, vitro, vivo activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic. Toxicity testing is carried out to determine the potential hazard that may be produced by test compound. Objective: This study was aimed silico toxicity of anthocyanins (cyanidin peonidin) using Toxtree v3.1.0 software. Meth...