Sinus bradycardia which is a sinus rhythm with a resting heart rate of less than 60 bpm is caused by intrinsic cardiac disorders like sick sinus syndrome or inferior myocardial infarction, metabolic and environmental causes (such as hypothyroidism and electrolyte disorders), medications (such as beta-blockers and amiodarone), infection (such as myocarditis), increased intracranial pressure, and...

he sick sinus syndrome is a clinical entity charTacterized by disturbances of sinoatial impulse formation and conduction.13 Recent studies have demonstrated that abnormalities of conduction and automaticity at other specialized anatomic sites are common in subjects with symptomatic sinus node disease.'^^.^ We describe here the use of combined His bundle electrography and timed vectorcardiograph...

To improve methods for evaluating human sinus node function (SNF), we developed a transvenous electrode catheter technique for direct recording of sinus node electrograms in adults. Sinus node electrograms (SNE) characterized by low-frequency, anatomically localized pre-P-wave potentials were obtained in 19 of 23 patients. The SNE configuration was similar to that previously found for endocardi...

Sinus node dysfunction is one of the most common arrhythmias in elderly patients; it is usually associated with intermittent and variable symptoms, thus making it difficult to diagnose. We present the case of an elderly female patient with a personal history of atrial fibrillation treated for the last three years with amiodarone; she was admitted to the Geriatric Clinic for non-specific symptom...

course. All ages are affected and the diagnosis must be considered if there is a modest degree of sinus bradyeardia (SB), even if asymptomatic, as SB is less benign than was heretofore thought. Inappropriate or relatively slow sinus rates (RSSR) under stressful conditions are equally as important as SB. Inadequacy of the sinoatrial node (SAN) may be manifested by one or more of the following: (...

the silent sinus syndrome (sss) involves painless facial asymmetry and enophthalmos, which is theresult of chronic maxillary sinus atelectasis. in most cases, it is diagnosed clinically, however, usingthe characteristic imaging features including maxillary sinus outlet obstruction, sinus opacification,and sinus volume loss caused by inward retraction of the sinus walls. obstruction of the maxil...

Tachy-brady syndrome or sick-sinus syndrome as it is also known is a cardiac rhythm disturbance resulting in alternating episodes of bradycardia and tachycardia. Diagnosis can be difficult because of its nonspecific symptoms and elusive findings on electrocardiogram or 24h tape. Thymic cysts are relatively uncommon tumours that are predominantly asymptomatic and located in the anterior mediasti...