Illegal small-scale gold mining brings several benefits to developing countries like Ghana, manifested mainly as employment and revenue but simultaneously impacts negatively on the immediate environment. The study tested the hypothesis that density and diversity of key native tree and shrub species differ in the mined and unmined areas of Nangodi in the Talensi-Nabdam District of the Upper East...

The recent increase of interest in the graph invariant called tree-depth and in its applications in algorithms and logic on graphs led to a natural question: is there an analogously useful “depth” notion also for dense graphs (say; one which is stable under graph complementation)? To this end we introduced, in a 2012 conference paper, the notion of shrub-depth of a graph class which is related ...

abstract to study the effects of different levels of n, mn and zn on yield and quality of pomegranate fruit a factorial experiment based on complete randomized block design with 18 treatments and three replications was conducted in behshahr city, mazandaran province, in 2009.investigated treatments were include: nitrogen, manganese, zinc. fertilizer source for nitrogen was urea and three rates ...

We report on the habitat associations of 21 species of grassland birds overwintering in or migrating through southern Texas, during 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. Ninety percent of our grassland bird observations were made during winter and spring, and only 10% occurred during fall. Grassland species made up a high proportion of the total bird densities in grassland and shrub-grassland habitats, but ...

Abstract Trees and large shrubs in urban environments provide a wide array of ecosystem services, enhancing the well-being residents. Public trees Sweden are managed by local governments, but private-owned trees, which represent proportion total tree population, residential property owners. Residential generally not included forest management plans at government level. This study examined prope...

Interpretation of large-scale color infrared and color aerial photography can be a laborand cost-effective means to make inventory of and monitor rangelands while maintaining accuracy. Ground measurements of total vegetation cover, tree, shrub and cacti cover at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument were taken in 1975 and 1984. Estimates of ground vegetation cover made using large scale (1:1200) ...