A voting situation is given by a set of voters and the rules of legislation that determine minimal requirements for a group of voters to pass a motion. A priori measures of voting power, such as the Shapley-Shubik index and the Banzhaf value, show the influence of the individual players in a voting situation and are calculated by looking at marginal contributions in a simple game consisting of ...

In this paper we present a novel framework for resolving bridging anaphora. We argue that anaphora, particularly bridging anaphora, is used as a shortcut device similar to the use of compound nouns. Hence, the two natural language usage phenomena would have to be based on the same theoretical framework. We use an existing theory on compound nouns to test its validity for anaphora usages. To do ...

We derive new, exact expressions for network centrality vectors associated with classical Watts-Strogatz style “ring plus shortcut” networks. We also derive easy-to-interpret approximations that are highly accurate in the large network limit. The analysis helps us to understand the role of the Katz parameter and the PageRank parameter, to compare linear system and eigenvalue based centrality me...

BACKGROUND: Over the past decade National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) in Africa have invested considerable financial and human resources in research planning exercises. African NARS have implemented research planning by translating general national development objectives into concrete priorities and action plans for agricultural research. These formal research planning exercises have a...