BACKGROUND The acute phase response (APR) is characterized by alterations in lipid and glucose metabolism leading to an increased delivery of energy substrates. In adipocytes, there is a coordinated decrease in Free Fatty acids (FFAs) and glucose storage, in addition to an increase in FFAs mobilization. Serum Amyloid A (SAA) is an acute phase protein mainly associated with High Density Lipoprot...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) may occur and persist due to atrial remodeling exacerbated by inflammation. However, whether inflammatory cytokines, such as serum amyloid protein A (SAA), are elevated in patients with atrial arrhythmias remains unclear. In a case-control study design, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines SAA, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and high...

The stabilities and catalytic performances of single-atom alloy (SAA) structures under the reaction conditions of acetylene hydrogenation are thoroughly examined utilizing density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Four Cu-based alloys with stable SAA structures reported before, namely PdCu, PtCu, RhCu and NiCu alloys, are investigated here. We find that the SAA structures of PdCu and PtCu a...

OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of caffeine and a psychological stressor on salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) in healthy young males (age 18-30 years) who consumed caffeine on a daily basis. METHODS Using a between-subjects, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 45 participants received either 200 or 400 mg of caffeine (Vivarin) or placebo, rested for 20 min, and then performed 20 min of ment...

In the present study, we tested whether serum amyloid A (SAA) protein, an established biomarker of inflammation, also plays a role in stimulating neovascularization. To evaluate this possibility, human carotid artery endothelial (HCtAE) cells were cultured and cellular migration and the proinflammatory and/or thrombotic activity of SAA (0, 1 or 10 μg/mL) on vascular endothelial cells was verifi...

Atherosclerosis is an important pathological condition which is accompanied by a vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switch toward a synthetic phenotype. As an acute-phase protein, Serum Amyloid A (SAA) is thought to have a close relationship to atherosclerosis development. However, no study has investigated the direct effect of SAA on the VSMC phenotype switch, as well as the underlyi...

AIM to study the clinical significance and potential utility of measuring serum amyloid A protein (SAA) compared with the classical acute phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP). METHOD a 3 month prospective study on 66 women, mean age 83 years (range 69-106) and 33 men, mean age 84 years (range 69-95), admitted to the geriatric medicine unit at Hammersmith Hospital. CRP and SAA were determin...

Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) has been suggested to reflect stress-related body changes. Psychosocial stress increases the release of salivary alpha-amylase, which reflects the activity of the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) system. Therefore, it is presumed that sAA measurement is a useful tool for evaluating the SAM system. In addition, previous studies examining the response of sAA levels...

During the acute-phase reaction, SAA (serum amyloid A) replaces apoA-I (apolipoprotein A-I) as the major HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-associated apolipoprotein. A remarkable portion of SAA exists in a lipid-free/lipid-poor form and promotes ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1)-dependent cellular cholesterol efflux. In contrast with lipid-free apoA-I and apoE, lipid-free SAA was recentl...