In flowering plants, mature sperm cells are enclosed in pollen grains formed in structures called anthers. Several cell layers surrounding the central sporogenous cells of the anther are essential for directing the developmental processes that lead to meiosis, pollen formation, and the subsequent pollen release. The specification and function of these tissues are regulated by a large number of ...

BACKGROUND Posttreatment speech problems are seen in nearly half of patients with head and neck cancer. Although there are many voice-specific scales, surprisingly there is no speech-specific questionnaire for English-speaking patients with head and neck cancer. The aim of this study was to validate the Speech Handicap Index (SHI) as the first speech-specific questionnaire in the English langua...

Temperature-induced structural changes in the cortical region of the garland cell, which is considered to be active in endocytosis, were investigated in a temperature-sensitive, single gene mutant of Drosophila melanogaster, shibirets1 (shi) and wild-type (Oregon-R). At 19 degrees C, both shi and wild type showed similar structural features: an irregularly extended network of labyrinthine chann...

The shibire locus of Drosophila melanogaster encodes dynamin, a GTPase required for the fission of endocytic vesicles from plasma membrane. Biochemical studies indicate that mammalian dynamin is part of a complex containing multiple dynamin subunits and other polypeptides. To gain insight into sequences of dynamin critical for its function, we have characterized in detail a collection of condit...

BACKGROUND Empirical evidence on how ownership type affects the quality and cost of medical care is growing, and debate on these topics is ongoing. Despite the fact that the private sector is a major provider of hospital services in Greece, little comparative information on private versus public sector hospitals is available. The aim of the present study was to describe and compare the operatio...

1Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 2Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117602 4Department of B...

We discuss the possibility of utilizing the ultra-high energy neutrino beam (≃ 1000TeV) to detect and destroy the nuclear bombs wherever they are and whoever possess them. e-mail:[email protected], Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, HI, USA e-mail:[email protected], Radiation Science Center of KEK, Tsukuba-shi, Japan e-mail:[email protected], Rad...

The linear stability theory of Taylor-Couette flows (unbounded in z) is described including magnetic fields, Hall effect or a density stratification in order to prepare laboratory experiments to probe the stability of differential rotation in astrophysics. If an axial field is present then the magnetorotational instability (MRI) is investigated also for small magnetic Prandtl numbers. For rotat...

Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060–8589, Japan (D.T.); Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan (D.T., T.T.); and Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, People’s Republic of China (S...

Manuscript received January 21, 1999. Manuscript revised April 9, 1999. † The authors are with the High Frequency & Optical Semiconductor Div., Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Itami-shi, 6648641 Japan. †† The authors are with the Department of Physics and Electronics, College of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai-shi, 599-8531 Japan. a) E-mail: [email protected] IEICE TR NS....