Listeriosis is an emerging zoonotic disease. Listeria monocytogenes uncommon cause of illness in general population, however, some high risk groups including neonates, pregnant women, elderly persons, immunosuppressed transplant recipients and others with impaired cell mediated immunity, it important life threatening bacteremia meningoencephalitis. 18 times more common pregnancy (12/100,000) th...

Toxoplasma gondii is the cause of toxoplasmosis. More than 60% world's population infected with T. gondii. The prevalence acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women 4.8 per 1000 women. risk fetal infection until 13 weeks gestation about 15% and after that increases reaches 72% at 36 gestation. Fibrinogen one most important phase proteins Physiologically, there an increase blood procoagulant levels (...

Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a novel orthobunyavirus, discovered in Germany in late 2011. It mainly infects cattle, sheep and goats and could lead to congenital infection, causing abortion and fetal abnormalities. SBV is transmitted by biting midges from the Culicoides genus and there is no evidence that natural infection occurs directly between ruminants. Here, we could detect SBV RNA in infec...

Introduction Toxoplasma gondii and the closely related Neospora caninum are important obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasites causing a wide range of diseases in different host species. Their life cycles are similar, consisting of a) asexual stage where multiplying tachyzoites trigger lesion development in different tissues and eventually develops to persistent tissue cysts in intermediat...

Neospora caninum has been detected only sporadically in cases of ovine abortion, and it has therefore traditionally been considered as an unimportant parasite in small ruminants. This study was carried out with the aim of identifying the pathogen causing serious reproductive problems on a commercial sheep farm. Sera from all rams and ewes tested negative for antibodies against Border disease vi...

Here, we report an outbreak of Trypanosoma vivax-induced trypanosomosis in Brazilian hair sheep on a farm in Paraíba state, a non-endemic region in northeastern Brazilian. Of 306 total sheep, 240 showed clinical signs and 216 died. Clinical signs included anorexia, lethargy, anemia, rough hair coat, weight loss, submandibular edema, abortion, and in some cases, neurological signs such as head p...

After oral administration of ewes during mid gestation with 2000 freshly prepared sporulated oocysts of T. gondii isolate M4, abortions occurred between days 7 and 11 in 91.6% of pregnant and infected ewes. Afterwards, a further infection was carried out at late gestation in another group of sheep with 500 sporulated oocysts. Abortions happened again between days 9 and 11 post infection (pi) in...