In this paper a method is presented for torsional analysis of non-homogeneous tubes with arbitrarily shaped cross-sections. A previously presented method based on Bredt’s theory is extended to achieve formulas for torsional analysis. Shear modulus varies through the thickness according to a power law distribution. To validate the accuracy of the presented formulas for angle of twist and shear s...

the baroclinic adjustment is defined as the neutralization of the mean flow by eddies. with the amplitude growth of the baroclinic waves generated by an unstable mean flow, the eddy fluxes increase and act to reduce the meridional temperature gradient or vertical wind shear of the mean flow to subcritical value. this is believed to constitute the basic mechanism of baroclinic adjustment. the co...

One of the scientific success stories of fusion research over the past decade is the development of the E3B shear stabilization model to explain the formation of transport barriers in magnetic confinement devices. This model was originally developed to explain the transport barrier formed at the plasma edge in tokamaks after the L ~low! to H ~high! transition. This concept has the universality ...

there are limitations in experimental studies on sand-gravel mixtures due to the small size of testingspecimens. due to this problem, many researchers have worked on prediction of the shear strength of mixture by testingthe sandy fraction of soil alone and developed empirical relationships. most of the previous relationships have beendetermined for low surcharge pressures in which particle brea...

A resource flock of 362 F2 lambs provided phenotypic and genotypic data to estimate effects of callipyge (CLPG) genotypes (NN, NC, CN, and CC) on meat quality traits. The mutant allele is represented as C, the normal allele(s) as N, and the paternal allele of a genotype is given first. Lambs of each genotype born in 1994 and 1995 were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals startin...

Representation of surface roughness effects on aeolian sediment transport is a key source of uncertainty in wind erosion models. Drag partitioning schemes are used to account for roughness by scaling the soil entrainment threshold by the ratio of shear stress on roughness elements to that on the vegetated land surface. This approach does not explicitly account for the effects of roughness confi...

Earth-fill dams stability in steady state seepage condition is very important, especially during earthquakes. Numerical software analyses require accurate and realistic modeling of construction stages. Since earth-fill dams are constructed in different layers, so these conditions should be considered in software modeling to achieve a reasonable design. In this study, an earth-fill dam is modele...

In this paper, the dynamic response of an axially moving viscoelastic beam with simple supports is calculated analytically based on Timoshenko theory. The beam material property is separated to shear and bulk effects. It is assumed that the beam is incompressible in bulk and viscoelastic in shear, which obeys the standard linear model with the material time derivative. The axial speed is charac...

INTRODUCTION Synovial macrophages, which can release proinflammatory factors, are responsible for the upregulation of cartilage-breakdown proteases and play critical roles in cartilage degradation during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, shear stress exerts multifunctional effects on chondrocytes by inducing the synthesis of catabolic or anabolic genes. However, the interplay...

Cohesive-frictional soils are widely used in the construction of embankment structures and due to the method of construction, i.e. applying compactive efforts in the vertical direction in these cases, the occurrence of anisotropy in the soil strength and permeability seems to be inevitable. In this study, attempts have been made to evaluate the shear strength of c-f soils through modifying a l...