Benchmarking coupled surface-subsurface flow models becomes more important as they are increasingly used for operational purposes (e.g. in water management) and long-term analysis (e.g. in climate change research). For this reason we inter-compare the hydrogeological models HydroGeoSphere and OpenGeoSys and present results with emphasis on the parametrization of the surface-soil water coupling ...

[1] Here we show that labile particulate iron andmanganese concentrations in the upper 500 m of the Western Subarctic Pacific, an iron-limited High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) region, have prominent subsurface maxima between 100–200 m, reaching 3 nM and 600 pM, respectively. The subsurface concentration maxima in particulate Fe are characterized by a more reduced oxidation state, suggesting...

都市域では，過去に地下水の過剰揚水により深刻な地盤沈下の被害が発生した。これにより現在は地下水の汲み上げ規制が行われ地下水位が高位化し，地震発生時の液状化被害の危険性が高まる等，様々な問題が生じている。広域的な地震動予測や液状化予測などをする際，地盤モデルがよく用いられている。これまでにも全国で浅層の地盤モデルが様々な手法で構築されている。本研究では，大阪・神戸地域におけるボーリングデータを用い，表層から工学的基盤面までの浅層地盤モデルを 250m メッシュ毎に作成した。また，砂層の粒度特性および粘土層の土質特性についてもモデル化を行った。これらの結果は地盤工学的課題の解決のための基礎データとなる。

With the increased use of natural gas, safety and environmental concerns from underground leaking gas pipelines are becoming more widespread. What is not well understood in leakage incidents how soil conditions affect migration behavior, making it difficult to estimate distribution. To shed light on these concerns, an understanding subsurface methane after release required support efficient lea...

A study was conducted which focused on movement of naturally occurring human enteroviruses from a subsurface wastewater disposal system through a shallow aquifer. The potential for significant entrainment of virus particles was evidenced by their recovery at down-gradient distances of 67.05 m and from aquifer depths of 18 m. A significant negative correlation was observed between virus occurren...