Provision of shade is recommended by best practice guidelines for horses living in hot, sunny environments despite a lack of research focused on potential benefits. We found in a previous study that horses without access to shade showed greater rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR), and skin temperature (SK) and exhibited more sweat than horses that were completely shaded. Yet not know...

For practical 3-D computer-generated holograms (CGH), it is important to display shaded surface model images like computer graphics (CG). However, to display shaded surface model images like CG, it is complex to use the Hidden Surface Removal Method (HSRM) in CGH, and necessary to write original shading program. Therefore, we have developed a simple process that is used to obtain 3-D data for C...

Beriajaya 1 and D. B. Copeman 1 1 Research Institute for Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 52, Bogor 16114, Indonesia 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia _____________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: Observations on factors affecting survival of ovine nematode larvae on pasture were made in a lowland wet equ...

Perceiving a direction as "up" is fundamental to human performance and perception. Astronauts in microgravity frequently experience reorientation illusions in which they, or their world, appear to flip and 'up' becomes arbitrarily redefined. This paper assesses the relative importance of visual cues in determining the perceived up direction. In the absence of information about the origin of ill...

Thermal imaging is a potential tool for estimating plant temperature, which can be used as an indicator of stomatal closure and water deficit stress. In this study, a new method for processing and analysing thermal images was developed. By using remote sensing software, the information from thermal and visible images was combined, the images were classified to identify leaf area and sunlit and ...

The extraction of land cover information from remote sensing data is a complex process. Spectral information has been widely utilized in classifying remote sensing images. However, shadows limit the use of multispectral images because they result in loss of spectral radiometric information. In addition, true reflectance may be underestimated in shaded areas. In land cover classification, shaded...

Plants can respond with sink stimulation of photosynthesis when colonized with fungal or bacterial root symbionts, compensating costs of carbohydrate allocation to the microbes. However, constraints may arise under light limitation when plants cannot extensively increase photosynthesis. We hypothesize that under such conditions the costs for maintaining the symbiosis outweigh the benefits, ulti...

Humans use shading as a cue to three-dimensional form by combining low-level information about light intensity with high-level knowledge about objects and the environment. Here, we examine how cuttlefish Sepia officinalis respond to light and shadow to shade the white square (WS) feature in their body pattern. Cuttlefish display the WS in the presence of pebble-like objects, and they can shade ...