Perchlorate is a common aquatic contaminant that has long been known to affect thyroid function in vertebrates, including humans. More recently perchlorate has been shown to affect primordial sexual differentiation in the aquatic model fishes zebrafish and threespine stickleback, but the mechanism has been unclear. Stickleback exposed to perchlorate from fertilization have increased androgen le...

Four members of the miR-200 family in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) have sex-biased expression patterns, but their target genes and how they work development gonads are rarely known. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) can inhibit Muller’s duct female mammals regulate formation gametes after sexual maturity. There is no teleosts, amh gene still exists. Knockout results sex reversal from m...

sex determination is the first step in identification of dead body and hip bone or its components are reliable in sex discrimination. the present study was done to determine the applicability of some osteometric parameters of human hip bone in sex identification. sixteen different variables for the anterior border of 50 human hip bones from a skeletal collection were studied. statistically sign...

Many reptiles, including the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans), exhibit temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Temperature determines gonadal sex during the middle of embryogenesis, or the temperature-sensitive period (TSP), when gonadal sex is labile to both temperature and hormones--particularly estrogen. The biological actions of steroid hormones are mediated by the...

Zygotically contributed ovo gene product is required for the survival of female germ cells in Drosophila melanogaster. Trans-allelic combinations of weak and dominant ovo mutations (ovoD) result in viable germ cells that appear to be partially transformed from female to male sexual identity. The O V O ” ~ mutation is partially suppressed by many Sex-lethal alleles that affect the soma, while th...

BACKGROUND Degenerative effects of critical regulators of reproduction, the kisspeptin peptides, on cellular aspects of sexually immature male gonads are known but similar information on accessory sex glands remain elusive. METHODS Prepubertal laboratory rats were injected kisspeptin-10 at three different dosage concentrations (10 pg, 1 ng and 1 microgram) for a period of continuous 12 days a...

We investigated sex difference in the influence of dietary protein deficiency on the fate of methylmercury (MeHg) using both sexes of C57BL/6N mice and Wistar rats to determine the universality of the influence. One day after oral administration of MeHg (20 mol/kg), regardless of sex and species, urinary Hg excretion was suppressed by dietary protein deficiency, whereas fecal excretion was not ...

Male pseudohermaphroditism is a sex differentiation disorder in which the gonads are testes and the genital ducts are incompletely masculinized. An 8 years old dog with normal male karyotype was referred for examination of external genitalia abnormalities. Adjacent to the vulva subcutaneous undescended testes were observed. The histology of the gonads revealed a Leydig and Sertoli cell neoplasi...

We examined the effects of atrazine and imazalil, 2 commonly used pesticides, on sexual differentiation in chickens. Atrazine and imazalil were injected into fertile eggs on d 0. At hatching, sex genotype and phenotype were determined. Gonads were stereomicroscopically and histologically observed. In ovo exposure of atrazine (0.01 to 3 mg/egg) did not influence hatchability, whereas imazalil ex...

1 The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a widely-used model species for studying the roles 2 of steroid hormones in avian sex differentiation. The aim of the present study was to elucidate 3 the significance of estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ER and ER) in normal sex 4 differentiation of the reproductive organs in the Japanese quail and in xenoestrogen-induced 5 disruption of reproductiv...