At present, many countries in the world are facing serious water crisis, the shortage of water in our country is particularly prominent, especially refining industry, water shortage and water pollution problems in our country have seriously affected the survival of enterprises and sustainable development. In this paper, based on literature research and field investigation, two stage discharging...

World Water Day is sponsored by the United Nations and observed each year on March 22. This year, World Water Day focuses on wastewater, which includes sewage, storm water, and discarded water used in the community (1). Many developing countries have inadequate wastewater management strategies because they lack resources, infrastructure, available technology, or space. Untreated wastewater in t...

A particular challenge to water safety in populous intertropical regions is the lack of reliable faecal indicators to detect microbiological contamination of water, while the numerical relationships of specific viral indicators remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the numerical relationships of FRNA-bacteriophage genotypes, adenovirus 41, and human adenoviruses (H...

Studies on plankton of river Cauvery water, Mettur, Salem District, Tamil Nadu was made to assess the pollution of water from January 2003 to December 2003. The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the variation in river water showed high quantity of phytoplankton and zooplankton population throughout the study period and rotifers formed dominated group over other groups of organisms. The...

Sanganur canal is the major open drainage system which has intricate linkage with storm water supply, domestic sewage and industrial effluent disposal. Water samples from various stations were collected and analysed for physicochemical parameters to assess the water quality of the Sanganur canal system. The study revealed that physicochemical parameters like pH, EC, TDS, DO, BOD, COD exceeded t...

AIMS To develop a quantitative, real-time PCR assay to detect the nifH gene of Methanobrevibacter smithii. Methanobrevibacter smithii is a methanogenic archaea found in the intestinal tract of humans that may be a useful indicator of sewage pollution in water. METHODS AND RESULTS Quantification standards were prepared from Meth. smithii genomic DNA dilutions, and a standard curve was used to ...

The analysis and quantification of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is crucial, as they initiate the biological removal of ammonia-nitrogen from sewage. Previous methods for analyzing the microbial community structure, which involve the plating of samples or culture media over agar plates, have been inadequate because many microorganisms found in a sewage plant are unculturable. In this study, ...

PCR is the best method for the detection of enteric viruses present at low concentrations in environmental samples. However, some organic and inorganic compounds present in these samples can interfere in the reaction. Many of these substances are cytotoxic, too. The ZP60S filter membranes used in addition to fluorpentane treatment are quite efficient for virus concentration and simultaneous eli...

Sewage-water treatment comprehends primary, secondary, and tertiary steps to produce reusable water after removing sewage contaminants. However, a sewage-water plant is typically power energy consumer produces high volumes of sludge mainly generated in the primary secondary steps. The use more efficient anaerobic digestion with can reasonable flowrates biogas, which shown be consolidated strate...