Reliable estimates of survival for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns are needed for sound deer management. Several studies have estimated fawn survival prior to recruitment (i.e., before the onset of hunting season) but few have monitored fawns post-recruitment, especially in the lower Midwest or Southeast. We captured and radiocollared 166 neonatal fawns during 2002–2004 in sout...

Active control of sound can be employed globally to reduce noise levels in an entire enclosure, or locally around a listener‘s head. Recently, spherical loudspeaker arrays have been studied as multiple-channel sound sources capable of generating sound fields with high complexity. In this paper, several aspects of using a spherical loudspeaker array for local active control of sound are investig...

Large wild herbivores are crucial to ecosystems and human societies. We highlight the 74 largest terrestrial herbivore species on Earth (body mass ≥100 kg), the threats they face, their important and often overlooked ecosystem effects, and the conservation efforts needed to save them and their predators from extinction. Large herbivores are generally facing dramatic population declines and rang...

Tropical forests are the global cornerstone of biological diversity, and store 55% of the forest carbon stock globally, yet sustained provisioning of these forest ecosystem services may be threatened by hunting-induced extinctions of plant-animal mutualisms that maintain long-term forest dynamics. Large-bodied Atelinae primates and tapirs in particular offer nonredundant seed-dispersal services...

1. Under the source–sink model, persistence of populations in habitat sinks, where deaths outnumber births, depends on dispersal from high-quality habitat sources, where births outnumber deaths. The persistence of the regional population depends on the proportion of sink relative to source habitat. 2. Hunting that occurs in some parts of the landscape and not in others can create patches where ...

Nonlinear hunting speeds of railway vehicles running on a tangent track are analytically obtained using Hopf bifurcation theory in this paper. The railway vehicle model consists of nonlinear primary yaw dampers, nonlinear flange contact stiffness as well as the clearance between the wheel flange and rail tread. Linear and nonlinear critical speeds are obtained using Bogoliubov method. A compreh...

During germinal center reactions, the appearance of two specific zones are observed: the dark and the light zone. Up to now, the origin and function of these zones are poorly understood. In the framework of a stochastic and discrete model, several possible pathways of zone development during germinal center reactions are investigated. The importance of the zones in the germinal center for affin...