Abstract Upon binding to DNA breaks, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) ADP-ribosylates itself and other factors initiate repair. Serine is the major residue for ADP-ribosylation upon damage, which strictly depends on HPF1. Here, we report crystal structures of human HPF1/PARP1-CAT ?HD complex at 1.98 Å resolution, mouse HPF1 1.71 1.57 respectively. Our mutagenesis data confirm that structur...

Pizer, Lewis I. (University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia). Glycine synthesis and metabolism in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 89:1145-1150. 1965.-A correlation was demonstrated between a nutritional requirement that can only be satisfied by glycine and the absence of the enzymatic capacity to interconvert l-serine and glycine. Serine synthesis from 3-phosphoglycerate was observed in the same ...

Campylobacter jejuni is a microaerophilic, asaccharolytic bacterium. The identity of the carbon and energy sources used by C. jejuni in vivo is unknown, but the genome sequence of strain NCTC11168 indicates the presence of genes for catabolism of a limited range of amino acids, including serine. Specific omission of L-serine from a defined medium containing a mixture of amino acids led to a dra...

BACKGROUND D-Serine, an endogenous co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, is synthesized from L-serine by serine racemase (SRR). Given the role of D-serine in both neurodevelopment and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, we examined whether neonatal disruption of D-serine synthesis by SRR inhibition could induce behavioral abnormalities relevant to schizophrenia, in later lif...

It was long believed that only the L-isomer of amino acids existed in mammals, and D–amino acids were regarded as laboratory artifacts and categorized as “unnatural” isomers. This term was widely used in textbooks of biochemistry. D–amino acids were known to be prominent in bacteria, and there were occasional reports of D–amino acids found in invertebrates (1 ). Hans Krebs accidentally discover...

In certain species of bacteria there is one major route for the biosynthesis of serine from glucose (1, 2). The pathway branches from glycolgsis at nglycerate 3-O-phosphate (glycerate-P) with a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent oxidation yielding hydroxypyruvate phosphate (hydroxypyruvate-P). Transamination of this intermediate with glutamate yields L-serine 3-O-phosphate (serine-P), ...

Cocaine seeking behaviour and relapse have been linked to impaired potentiation and depression at excitatory synapses in the nucleus accumbens, but the mechanism underlying this process is poorly understood. We show that, in the rat nucleus accumbens core, D-serine is the endogenous coagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, and its presence is essential for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-depe...

D-Serine, the endogenous coagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), is considered to be an important gliotransmitter, and is essential for the induction of long-term potentiation. However, less is known about the role of D-serine in another form of synaptic plasticity, long-term depression (LTD). In this study, we found that exogenous D-serine regulated LTD in the hippocampal CA1 reg...

YGL196W of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a putative protein that is unidentified but is predicted to have a motif similar to that of the N-terminal domain of the bacterial alanine racemase. In the present study we found that YGL196W encodes a novel D-serine dehydratase, which belongs to a different protein family from that of the known bacterial enzyme. The yeast D-serine dehydratase purifie...

Chemical modification and site-specific mutagenesis approaches were used in this study to identify the active site serine residue of pancreatic cholesterol esterase. In the first approach, purified porcine pancreatic cholesterol esterase was covalently modified by incubation with [3H]diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). The radiolabeled cholesterol esterase was digested with CNBr, and the peptides...